Palladium-Mediated CO2 Extrusion Followed by Insertion of Isocyanates for the Synthesis of Benzamides: Translating Fundamental Mechanistic Studies To Develop a Catalytic Protocol

Mechanistic studies of a stoichiometric palladium-mediated ExIn (ExIn = extrusion–insertion) decarboxylative amidation of aromatic carboxylic acids are presented, providing gas-phase and condensed-phase spectroscopic data, as well as theoretical computational evidence for intermediates in a proposed...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Organometallics 2020-02, Vol.39 (3), p.453-467
Main Authors: Yang, Yang, Canty, Allan J, McKay, Alasdair I, Donnelly, Paul S, O’Hair, Richard A. J
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Mechanistic studies of a stoichiometric palladium-mediated ExIn (ExIn = extrusion–insertion) decarboxylative amidation of aromatic carboxylic acids are presented, providing gas-phase and condensed-phase spectroscopic data, as well as theoretical computational evidence for intermediates in a proposed stepwise process. The understanding gained from these mechanistic studies directed the development of a palladium-catalyzed procedure in which benzamides are obtained in good to high yields in a one-pot 30 min microwave irradiation assisted protocol. A combination of experimental data and DFT calculations reveals that certain ligand additives favor the selective formation of benzamides rather than the undesired protodecarboxylation side product.
ISSN:0276-7333
1520-6041
DOI:10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00820