Impact of Future Low-Emissions Combustor Technology on Acoustic Scaling Laws

• Published in: Journal of propulsion and power 2024-11, Vol.40 (6), p.806-817
• Main Authors: McCormick, Duane, Hultgren, Lennart S., Mendoza, Jeffrey M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acoustics; Aircraft noise; Aircraft propulsion; Broadband; Combustion chambers; Configurations; Design analysis; Noise prediction (aircraft); Preliminary designs; Propulsion systems; Scaling laws; Trends
• ISSN: 0748-4658; 1533-3876
• DOI: 10.2514/1.B39145

A first-of-its-kind examination of broadband noise associated with a far-term advanced low-emission aerocombustor concept is presented. Because of design trends and expected cycle changes for future aircraft propulsion systems, noise generated by sources in the combustor are expected to become of increasing significance for airport-community noise. The paper assesses the impact on legacy semi-empirical noise-prediction methods from the expected radical departures from current combustor operating conditions and designs, such as fuel/air distribution and flame anchoring techniques. Such methods are essential in system-level noise assessments at the preliminary design stage for advanced air transports to assure that overall environmental goals are met. Detailed unsteady pressure measurements, obtained in a fundamental combustion noise experiment using a combustor rig at relevant pressures and temperatures are analyzed. In addition to an advanced far-term low-emissions concept, a reference configuration with the test section arranged to model a modern combustor sector was also studied. For the test rig in the current-generation configuration, the measured broadband acoustic data are reasonably well described by the acoustic-power scaling laws used in legacy semi-empirical noise-prediction methods. For the future-advanced configuration, the legacy scaling laws, with some notable exceptions, provide correct trends, but with much less accuracy.