BIOMATERIALS FOR MEDIATION OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS

Recent events have emphasized the threat from chemical and biological warfare agents. Within the efforts to counter this threat, the biocatalytic destruction and sensing of chemical and biological weapons has become an important area of focus. The specificity and high catalytic rates of biological c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of biomedical engineering 2003-01, Vol.5 (1), p.1-27
Main Authors: Russell, Alan J, Berberich, Jason A, Drevon, Géraldine F, Koepsel, Richard R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatible Materials - metabolism
Biodegradation, Environmental
Biological Warfare
biological warfare agents
bioplastics
bioremediation
Bioterrorism
biowarfare
Chemical Warfare
Chemical Warfare Agents - metabolism
Decontamination - instrumentation
Decontamination - methods
nerve agents
organophosphates
organophosphorus degrading enzymes
Protective Devices
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Summary:Recent events have emphasized the threat from chemical and biological warfare agents. Within the efforts to counter this threat, the biocatalytic destruction and sensing of chemical and biological weapons has become an important area of focus. The specificity and high catalytic rates of biological catalysts make them appropriate for decommissioning nerve agent stockpiles, counteracting nerve agent attacks, and remediation of organophosphate spills. A number of materials have been prepared containing enzymes for the destruction of and protection against organophosphate nerve agents and biological warfare agents. This review discusses the major chemical and biological warfare agents, decontamination methods, and biomaterials that have potential for the preparation of decontamination wipes, gas filters, column packings, protective wear, and self-decontaminating paints and coatings.
ISSN:1523-9829
1545-4274
DOI:10.1146/annurev.bioeng.5.121202.125602