NOx EMISSIONS FROM SOIL: Implications for Air Quality Modeling in Agricultural Regions

Attaining the ambient standard for tropospheric ozone has been difficult in many metropolitan areas, despite efforts to reduce anthropogenic sources of the ozone precursors, including the nitrogen oxides (NO x ). Until recently, NO x emissions from biogenic sources in soils were not considered in si...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of energy and the environment 1996-11, Vol.21 (1), p.311-346
Main Authors: Hall, Sharon J, Matson, Pamela A, Roth, Philip M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
agricultural management
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Applied sciences
Atmospheric pollution
biogenic nitric oxide
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties
denitrification
Dispersed sources and other
Exact sciences and technology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
nitrification
nitrogen cycling
nitrogen fertilizer
Organic matter
Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils
Pollution
Pollution sources. Measurement results
Soil science
tropospheric ozone
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Summary:Attaining the ambient standard for tropospheric ozone has been difficult in many metropolitan areas, despite efforts to reduce anthropogenic sources of the ozone precursors, including the nitrogen oxides (NO x ). Until recently, NO x emissions from biogenic sources in soils were not considered in simulations of air quality and emissions reductions scenarios, yet they may be significant, especially in agricultural regions where nitrogen fertilizers are applied. Soil NO x is produced primarily by microbial processes; production and emissions from soils are controlled by a suite of environmental variables, including inorganic nitrogen availability, water-filled pore space, and soil temperature. Agricultural management practices such as fertilization and irrigation affect these environmental variables and thus have the potential to dramatically alter soil NO x emissions. Although current models incorporate some of these variables, accurate regional estimation of soil NO x emissions requires modeling approaches that explicitly incorporate the spatial and temporal patterns of management practices, especially fertilization, as well as other environmental controlling variables such as water-filled pore space and soil temperature.
ISSN:1056-3466
2328-2126
DOI:10.1146/annurev.energy.21.1.311