Concrete Incorporating High Volumes of ASTM Class F Fly Ash

• Published in: Cement, concrete and aggregates concrete and aggregates, 1988-01, Vol.10 (2), p.88-95
• Main Authors: Giaccio, GM, Malhotra, VM
• Format: Magazinearticle
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aggregates and other concrete constituents; Applied sciences; Buildings. Public works; Cement concrete constituents; Concrete additives (fillers, pozzolanic and hydraulic materials); Concretes. Mortars. Grouts; Exact sciences and technology; Materials; Properties and performance tests of mortar and hardened concrete
• ISSN: 0149-6123; 1945-7561
• DOI: 10.1520/CCA10088J

This paper gives results of an investigation undertaken to develop additional data on mechanical properties, and freezing and thawing resistance of high-volume Class F fly ash concrete made with ASTM Types I and III cements. A series of eight concrete mixtures involving twelve batches, each 0.06 m3 in volume, were made at a water-to-cementitious materials ratio of 0.32 ± 0.01. The fly ash-to-(fly ash + cement) ratio was 0.56. The cement content of the mixtures was 154 kg/m3. All mixtures were air-entrained and superplasticized. The mixtures incorporated Type I and Type III cements, various combinations of as-received fly ash, beneficiated fly ash, and condensed silica fume. From the test results, it is concluded that high-volume fly ash concrete has excellent mechanical properties and satisfactory resistance to repeated cycles of freezing and thawing. The use of ASTM Type III cement appears to be essential when high strengths at early ages are required. For concretes made with ASTM Type I cement, the use of beneficiated fly ash, and beneficiated fly ash and condensed silica fume, does little to enhance the properties of concrete compared with "as received" fly ash. For concrete made with ASTM Type III cement, the benefits of using beneficiated Class F fly ash and condensed silica fume are not clear.