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Avanços e desafios do aleitamento materno no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa

Objective: To analyze the panorama of breastfeeding in Brazil through an integrative literature review highlighting its advances and challenges. Methods: We carried out an integrative literature review in the SciELO and PubMed databases and in booklets published on the websites of the Ministry of He...

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Published in:Revista brasileira em promoção da saúde = Brazilian journal in health promotion 2016-06, Vol.28 (3)
Main Authors: Sousa, Francisca de, Claro, Maísa de Lima, Sousa, Andréia Lima de, Lima, Luisa Helena de Oliveira, Santana, Andrea Gomes da Silva
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Objective: To analyze the panorama of breastfeeding in Brazil through an integrative literature review highlighting its advances and challenges. Methods: We carried out an integrative literature review in the SciELO and PubMed databases and in booklets published on the websites of the Ministry of Health and the International Baby Food Action Network (IFBAN) using the following Portuguese and English descriptors: aleitamento materno (breastfeeding), autoeficácia (self-efficacy), promoção da saúde (health promotion) and desmame (weaning) in the period from 2002 to 2015. Results: We identified at first 43 articles, 33 booklets, 1 thesis and 3 dissertations, including in the study 17 articles, 3 dissertations and 19 booklets due to information saturation. It was verified that breastfeeding rates have reduced significantly over time with direct implications in infant mortality rates, being associated with early weaning and the lack of promotion of maternal self-efficacy in the prenatal and postpartum. To change this situation, Brazil imposed a number of public policies aimed at breastfeeding success, which advocated to raise rates. Conclusion: Despite the advances, the Brazilian panorama of breastfeeding shows that the country remains below the recommendations of international organizations, and overcoming the obstacles to successful breastfeeding constitutes a major challenge for the Brazilian public health. Objetivo: Analisar o panorama do aleitamento materno no Brasil, por meio de revisão integrativa da literatura, destacando os seus avanços e desafios. Métodos: Realizou-se revisão da literatura de forma integrativa, nas bases de dados SciELO e PubMed, além de cartilhas publicadas nos sites do Ministério da Saúde e da Rede Internacional em Defesa do Direito de Amamentar (IBFAN), utilizando-se os descritores em português e inglês: aleitamento materno (breastfeeding), autoeficácia (self-efficacy), promoção da saúde (health promotion) e desmame (weaning), no período de 2002 a 2015. Resultados: Identificaramse inicialmente 43 artigos, 33 cartilhas, 1 dissertação e 3 teses, sendo incluídos no estudo 17 artigos, 3 teses e 19 cartilhas, devido à saturação das informações. Percebeu-se que os índices de aleitamento materno reduziram significativamente ao longo do tempo, com implicações diretas nas taxas de mortalidade infantil, estando associadas ao desmame precoce e à ausência da promoção da autoeficácia materna no pré-natal e no puerpério. Para reverter esse quadro
ISSN:1806-1222