Innate immune responses regulate morphogenesis and degeneration： roles of Toll-like receptors and Sarml in neurons

The central nervous system is recognized as an immunoprivileged site because peripheral immune cells do not typically enter it. Microglial cells are thought to be the main immune cells in brain. However, recent reports have indicated that neurons express the key players of innate immunity, including...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:神经科学通报：英文版 2014 (4), p.645-654
Main Author: Hsin-Yu Liu Chiung-Ya Chen Yi-Ping Hsueh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Toll样受体
中枢神经系统
免疫反应
免疫细胞
形态发生
神经元
神经胶质细胞
退化
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Summary:The central nervous system is recognized as an immunoprivileged site because peripheral immune cells do not typically enter it. Microglial cells are thought to be the main immune cells in brain. However, recent reports have indicated that neurons express the key players of innate immunity, including Toll-like receptors （TLRs） and their adaptor proteins （Sarml, Myd88, and Trif）, and may produce cytokines in response to pathogen infection. In the absence of an immune challenge, neuronal TLRs can detect intrinsic danger signals and modulate neuronal morphology and function. In this article, we review the recent findings on the involvement of TLRs and Sarml in controlling neuronal morphogenesis and neurodegeneration. Abnormal behaviors in TLR- and Sarml-deficient mice are also discussed.
ISSN:1673-7067
1995-8218