Composition of gut microbiota of children and adolescents with perinatal HIV infection taking antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe

Background - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes impairment of the gastrointestinal barrier, with substantial depletion of CD4+ T cells in the gut. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores CD4+ counts and may have beneficial effects on gut microbiota in adults. Little is known about eff...

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Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2019-09
Main Authors: Flygel, Trym T, Sovershaeva, Evgeniya, Classen-Weitz, Shantelle, Hjerde, Erik, Mwaikono, Kilaza S, Odland, Jon Ø, Ferrand, Rashida A, Mchugh, Grace, Gutteberg, Tore J, Nicol, Mark P, Cavanagh, Jorunn P, Flægstad, Trond
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Language:English
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Clinical medical disciplines: 750
Communicable diseases: 776
Infeksjonsmedisin: 776
Klinisk medisinske fag: 750
Medical disciplines: 700
Medisinske Fag: 700
VDP
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container_title The Journal of infectious diseases
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creator Flygel, Trym T
Sovershaeva, Evgeniya
Classen-Weitz, Shantelle
Hjerde, Erik
Mwaikono, Kilaza S
Odland, Jon Ø
Ferrand, Rashida A
Mchugh, Grace
Gutteberg, Tore J
Nicol, Mark P
Cavanagh, Jorunn P
Flægstad, Trond
description Background - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes impairment of the gastrointestinal barrier, with substantial depletion of CD4+ T cells in the gut. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores CD4+ counts and may have beneficial effects on gut microbiota in adults. Little is known about effect of long-term ART on gut microbiome in HIV-infected children. We investigated composition of gut microbiota in HIV-infected and -uninfected children and assessed associations between gut microbiota and patient characteristics. Methods - In a cross-sectional study, rectal swabs were collected from 177 HIV-infected and 103 HIV-uninfected controls. Gut microbial composition was explored using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing. Results - Human immunodeficiency virus-infected children had significantly lower alpha-diversity and higher beta-diversity compared to HIV-uninfected. No association was observed between microbiome diversity and CD4+ T-cell count, HIV viral load, or HIV-associated chronic lung disease. We found enriched levels of Corynebacterium (P < .01), Finegoldia (P < .01), and Anaerococcus (P < .01) in HIV-infected participants and enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae (P = .02) in participants with low CD4+ counts (
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Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores CD4+ counts and may have beneficial effects on gut microbiota in adults. Little is known about effect of long-term ART on gut microbiome in HIV-infected children. We investigated composition of gut microbiota in HIV-infected and -uninfected children and assessed associations between gut microbiota and patient characteristics. Methods - In a cross-sectional study, rectal swabs were collected from 177 HIV-infected and 103 HIV-uninfected controls. Gut microbial composition was explored using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing. Results - Human immunodeficiency virus-infected children had significantly lower alpha-diversity and higher beta-diversity compared to HIV-uninfected. No association was observed between microbiome diversity and CD4+ T-cell count, HIV viral load, or HIV-associated chronic lung disease. We found enriched levels of Corynebacterium (P &lt; .01), Finegoldia (P &lt; .01), and Anaerococcus (P &lt; .01) in HIV-infected participants and enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae (P = .02) in participants with low CD4+ counts (&lt;400 cells/mm3). Prolonged ART-treatment (≥10 years) was significantly associated with a richer gut microbiota by alpha diversity. Conclusions - Human immunodeficiency virus-infected children have altered gut microbiota. 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Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores CD4+ counts and may have beneficial effects on gut microbiota in adults. Little is known about effect of long-term ART on gut microbiome in HIV-infected children. We investigated composition of gut microbiota in HIV-infected and -uninfected children and assessed associations between gut microbiota and patient characteristics. Methods - In a cross-sectional study, rectal swabs were collected from 177 HIV-infected and 103 HIV-uninfected controls. Gut microbial composition was explored using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing. Results - Human immunodeficiency virus-infected children had significantly lower alpha-diversity and higher beta-diversity compared to HIV-uninfected. No association was observed between microbiome diversity and CD4+ T-cell count, HIV viral load, or HIV-associated chronic lung disease. We found enriched levels of Corynebacterium (P &lt; .01), Finegoldia (P &lt; .01), and Anaerococcus (P &lt; .01) in HIV-infected participants and enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae (P = .02) in participants with low CD4+ counts (&lt;400 cells/mm3). Prolonged ART-treatment (≥10 years) was significantly associated with a richer gut microbiota by alpha diversity. Conclusions - Human immunodeficiency virus-infected children have altered gut microbiota. 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We found enriched levels of Corynebacterium (P &lt; .01), Finegoldia (P &lt; .01), and Anaerococcus (P &lt; .01) in HIV-infected participants and enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae (P = .02) in participants with low CD4+ counts (&lt;400 cells/mm3). Prolonged ART-treatment (≥10 years) was significantly associated with a richer gut microbiota by alpha diversity. Conclusions - Human immunodeficiency virus-infected children have altered gut microbiota. Prolonged ART may restore the richness of the microbiota closer to that of HIV-uninfected children.</abstract><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><doi>10.1093/infdis/jiz473</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Clinical medical disciplines: 750
Communicable diseases: 776
Infeksjonsmedisin: 776
Klinisk medisinske fag: 750
Medical disciplines: 700
Medisinske Fag: 700
VDP
title Composition of gut microbiota of children and adolescents with perinatal HIV infection taking antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe
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