Azathioprine in severe uveitis of Behçet's disease

• Published in: Arthritis care & research (2010) 2010-12, Vol.62 (12), p.1733-1738
• Main Authors: Saadoun, D., Wechsler, B., Terrada, C., Hajage, D., Le Thi Huong, D., Resche‐Rigon, M., Cassoux, N., Le Hoang, P., Amoura, Z., Bodaghi, B., Cacoub, P.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Adult; Azathioprine - administration & dosage; Azathioprine - therapeutic use; Behcet Syndrome - diagnosis; Behcet Syndrome - drug therapy; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glucocorticoids - administration & dosage; Glucocorticoids - therapeutic use; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents - administration & dosage; Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use; Male; Prednisolone - administration & dosage; Prednisolone - therapeutic use; Remission Induction; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 2151-464X; 2151-4658
• DOI: 10.1002/acr.20308

Objective To investigate the efficacy and tolerance of azathioprine in severe uveitis related to Behçet's disease (BD). Methods We reported 157 consecutive patients with severe uveitis (active posterior uveitis or panuveitis) fulfilling the international criteria for BD and treated with corticosteroids (0.5–1 mg/kg/day) and azathioprine (2.5 mg/kg/day). Long‐term outcome and factors associated with complete remission were assessed. Results Mean ± SD age at diagnosis was 29.9 ± 10.1 years, with 71.3% men. At baseline, 59 patients (37.6%) had loss of useful vision, 54 (34.4%) had retinal vasculitis, 66 (42.0%) had panuveitis, and 132 (84.1%) had bilateral uveitis. Following azathioprine therapy, 81 patients (51.6%) were complete responders, 65 (41.4%) were partial responders, and 11 (7%) were nonresponders. The visual acuity significantly improved (P < 0.001), and a significant decrease in the mean oral prednisone dosage (55.3 to 10.5 mg/day; P < 0.001) was observed after therapy. Patients with retinal vasculitis (odds ratio [OR] 0.45 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.2–0.9], P = 0.02) and severe visual loss (OR 0.28 [95% CI 0.2–0.7], P < 0.0001) at diagnosis were less likely to be complete responders. Azathioprine was well tolerated, with only 3 withdrawals due to hepatotoxic effects (n = 2) and bacterial septicemia (n = 1). Conclusion Azathioprine represents an effective and safe therapy in patients with severe uveitis of BD.