Leucinostatin A inhibits prostate cancer growth through reduction of insulin‐like growth factor‐I expression in prostate stromal cells

• Published in: International journal of cancer 2010-02, Vol.126 (4), p.810-818
• Main Authors: Kawada, Manabu, Inoue, Hiroyuki, Ohba, Shun‐Ichi, Masuda, Tohru, Momose, Isao, Ikeda, Daishiro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; Cell Division - drug effects; Cell Line, Tumor; Coculture Techniques; DNA Primers; Humans; IGF‐I; Male; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, Nude; Mitochondria - drug effects; Mitochondria - pathology; Mycotoxins - pharmacology; Mycotoxins - therapeutic use; natural compound; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases; Peptides - pharmacology; Peptides - therapeutic use; prostate cancer; prostate stroma; Prostatic Neoplasms - drug therapy; Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology; Pyridones - pharmacology; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Stromal Cells - drug effects; Stromal Cells - pathology; tumor growth; Tumors; Tumors of the urinary system; Urinary tract. Prostate gland
• ISSN: 0020-7136; 1097-0215
• DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24915

Targeting stroma in tumor tissues is an attractive new strategy for cancer treatment. We developed in vitro coculture system, in which the growth of human prostate cancer DU‐145 cells is stimulated by prostate stromal cells (PrSC) through insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I). Using this system, we have been searching for small molecules that inhibit tumor growth through modulation of tumor‐stromal cell interactions. As a result, we have found that leucinostatins and atpenins, natural antifungal antibiotics, inhibit the growth of DU‐145 cells cocultured with PrSC more strongly than that of DU‐145 cells alone. In this study we examined the antitumor effects of these small molecules in vitro and in vivo. When DU‐145 cells were coinoculated with PrSC subcutaneously in nude mice, leucinostatin A was found to significantly suppress the tumor growth more than atpenin B. The antitumor effect of leucinostatin A in vivo was not obtained against the tumors of DU‐145 cells alone. RT‐PCR experiments revealed that leucinostatin A specifically inhibited IGF‐I expression in PrSC without effect on expressions of other IGF axis molecules. Leucinostatins and atpenins are known to abrogate mitochondrial functions. However, when we used mitochondrial DNA‐depleted, pseudo‐ρ0 cells, we found that one of leucinostain A actions certainly depended on mitochondrial function, but it actually inhibited the growth of DU‐145 cells more strongly in coculture with pseudo‐ρ0 PrSC and reduced IGF‐I expression in pseudo‐ρ0 PrSC. Taken together, our results suggested that leucinostatin A inhibited prostate cancer cell growth through reduction of IGF‐I expression in PrSC.