In Vitro Skin Evaporation and Penetration Characteristics of Mosquito Repellents

• Published in: Journal of pharmaceutical sciences 1982-09, Vol.71 (9), p.1014-1018
• Main Authors: Reifenrath, William G., Robinson, Peter B.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aedes; Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Dogs; Evaporation-in vitro skin penetration; Evaporation—in vitro skin penetration, mosquito repellents; Evaporation—in vitro skin penetration, mosquito repellents G Penetration—in vitro skin evaporation, mosquito repellents; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Insect Repellents - metabolism; mosquito repellents; Mosquito repellents-in vitro skin evaporation; Mosquito repellents—in vitro skin evaporation, penetration; penetration; Penetration-in vitro skin evaporation; Penetration—in vitro skin evaporation, mosquito repellents; Skin Absorption; Time Factors; Volatilization
• ISSN: 0022-3549; 1520-6017
• DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600710915

An in vitro apparatus was used to study mosquito repellent evaporation and penetration characteristics with skin. The mosquito repellents 2-ethyl-l,3-hexanediol, N ,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, N,N-diethyl-p-toluamide, l-(butylsulfonyl)hexahydro-lH-azepine, and N ,N'-dicyclohexamethyleneurea were studied. In vitro repellent duration, calculated from repellent evaporation rates, was compared to in vivo duration at the same dose (0.3 mg/cm2) to assess the validity of the model. In vitro durations for 2-ethyl-l,3-hexanediol, N ,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, N ,N-diethyl-p-toluamide, and N ,N'-dicyclohexamethyleneurea correlated with in vivo durations (r2 = 0.94), although in vitro duration was longer than in vivo duration. l-(Butylsulfonyl)hexahydro-lH-azepine, which had the longest in vivo duration, had an in vitro duration that exceeded the test period (12 hr). The 0–12-hr in vitro percutaneous penetration correlated with corresponding data available from in vivo studies.