Green Synthesis of Silver and Copper Nanoparticles Using Parthenium hysterophorus: Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties

• Published in: ChemistrySelect (Weinheim) 2024-10, Vol.9 (40), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Ullah, Ihsan, Ullah, Amin, Al‐Qaaneh, Ayman M., Aman, Komal, Bekhit, Mounir M., Ullah, Izzat, Zengin, Gokhan, Farid, Arshad
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antibacterial activity; Anticancer potential; Antioxidant activity; Green synthesis; Nanoparticles; Parthenium hestephorus
• ISSN: 2365-6549; 2365-6549
• DOI: 10.1002/slct.202401573

Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained attention for their unique properties and potential applications, particularly in medicine. This study aim to investigate the green synthesis of silver and copper nanoparticles (NPs) using Parthenium hestephorus extract and evaluate their biological activities. The synthesized NPs were characterized using various analytical techniques, such as UV‐Vis spectroscopy, which confirmed the successful synthesis of silver and copper nanoparticles, with characteristic absorption peaks observed at 450 nm and 580 nm, respectively. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) were also conducted. In antimicrobial evaluations, the silver and copper nanoparticles exhibited notable inhibitory zones ranging from 12–18 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 27–30 mm against Escherichia coli bacteria. Furthermore, the nanoparticles’ potential as anticancer agents were tested on HepG2 human cancer cells using the MTT assay. The silver, copper nanoparticles, and control exhibited dose‐dependent cytotoxicity, with IC50 values of 35 μg/mL, 50 μg/ml, and 30 μg/ml, respectively, suggesting their promise in cancer treatment. Antioxidant activity was demonstrated through free radical scavenging assays, with silver and copper nanoparticles showing significant potential, inhibiting free radicals by 80 %, 70 %, and 90 %, respectively. It is concluded that the green synthesis of silver and copper nanoparticles using extract of Parthenium hestephorus presents an efficient and sustainable method for generating NPs with potent antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant capabilities. Green synthesis of silver and copper nanoparticles using Parthenium hysterophorus extract is investigated. Characterization includes UV‐visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX. The nanoparticles exhibit notable antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities. Antimicrobial evaluations show inhibitory zones against bacteria. Anticancer potential is confirmed via dose‐dependent cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells, and antioxidant activity is significant.