The effect of crop residue and fertilizer use on pearl millet yields in Niger

• Published in: Fertilizer Research 1993, Vol.34 (3), p.251-258
• Main Authors: Bationo, A. (International Fertilizer Development Center, Lome (Togo)), Christianson, C.B, Klaij, M.C
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ABONOS; aluminum; APLICACION DE ABONOS; calcium; cation exchange; Cenchrus americanus; CICLO BIOGEOQUIMICO; crop residue management; CROP RESIDUES; CROP YIELD; CYCLE BIOGEOCHIMIQUE; CYCLING; dry matter accumulation; ENGRAIS; erosion control; FERTILISATION; FERTILIZER APPLICATION; FERTILIZERS; grains; losses from soil; magnesium; NIGER; nitrogen; nutrient availability; nutrient content; nutrient uptake; NUTRIENTES; NUTRIENTS; PENNISETUM TYPHOIDES; phosphorus; potassium; rain; RENDEMENT DES CULTURES; RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS; RESIDU DE RECOLTE; RESIDUOS DE COSECHAS; Sahel; soil depth; soil fertility; soil organic matter; soil pH; soil water content; stover; SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE; wind erosion
• ISSN: 0167-1731; 1573-0867
• DOI: 10.1007/bf00750571

A field study was conducted over a 4-year period in Niger, West Africa, to determine the effects of crop residue (CR), fertilizer, or a combination of crop residue and fertilizer (CRF) on yields of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.). Despite a decline in yields of control plots (initial yields were 280 kg grain ha-' declining to 75 kg grain ha-1 over 4 years), yields of fertilizer plots were maintained at 800-1,000 kg grain ha-1. Continued application of CR slowly augmented yields to levels similar to those of the fertilized plots. The effects of CR and fertilizer were approximately additive in the CRF plots. Addition of CR and fertilizer increased soil water use over the control by 57 mm to 268 mm in an average season and helped trap wind-blown soil. These plots tended to exhibit slightly higher soil pH and lower Al saturation than did the fertilized treatments. Return of CR to the soil resulted in significantly reduced export of most plant nutrients, especially Ca, Mg, and K.