Simultaneous primary infection with HIV and CMV leading to severe pancytopenia, hepatitis, nephritis, perimyocarditis, myositis, and alopecia totalis

Simultaneous primary infection with HIV and CMV in an 18-year-old woman led to an acute cytotoxic reaction, manifesting as pancytopenia, hepatitis, nephritis, perimyocarditis, and myositis. Within 14 days parameters indicating acute cell damage reverted to normal. Two weeks later transient alopecia...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Klinische Wochenschrift 1990-02, Vol.68 (4), p.237-240
Main Authors: Schindler, J M, Neftel, K A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
AIDS/HIV
Alopecia - etiology
Cytomegalovirus Infections - complications
Cytomegalovirus Infections - diagnosis
Female
Hepatitis, Viral, Human - etiology
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - diagnosis
HIV-1 - pathogenicity
Humans
Myocarditis - etiology
Myositis - etiology
Nephritis - etiology
Opportunistic Infections - complications
Opportunistic Infections - diagnosis
Pancytopenia - etiology
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Summary:Simultaneous primary infection with HIV and CMV in an 18-year-old woman led to an acute cytotoxic reaction, manifesting as pancytopenia, hepatitis, nephritis, perimyocarditis, and myositis. Within 14 days parameters indicating acute cell damage reverted to normal. Two weeks later transient alopecia totalis developed. Initially, HIV-antigen but no HIV antibodies were present. Within 3 weeks HIV-IgG antibodies appeared while HIV antigen disappeared. Anti-CMV-IgM was clearly and anti-CMV-IgG questionably positive; IgM persisted further, while IgG remained definitely undetectable. We speculate that a particular HIV-induced imbalance of the immune system led to a generalized severe cytotoxic reaction to a simultaneous infection with CMV.
ISSN:0023-2173
1432-1440
DOI:10.1007/BF01662723