Gossypium germplasm conservation augmented by tissue culture techniques for field collecting

Conservation and utilization of Gossypium germplasm for crop improvement depend on field-collecting seed from wild and feral populations. Since the availability of viable seed cannot always be assured during botanical expeditions, a simple tissue culture method was developed to allow the collection...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Economic botany 1990-01, Vol.44 (1), p.106-113
Main Authors: Altman, D.W. (USDA, ARS, Southern Crops Research Laboratory, College Station, TX), Fryxell, P.A, Koch, S.D, Howell, C.R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AMELIORATION DES PLANTES
Cotton
CULTIVO DE TEJIDOS
CULTURE DE TISSUS
ENSAYO
FITOMEJORAMIENTO
GERMOPLASMA
GERMPLASM
Germplasm conservation
GOSSYPIUM
IMPROVEMENT
ISOLATION TECHNIQUE
MEXICO
MEXIQUE
PLANT BREEDING
Plant cuttings
Plant roots
Plants
PLASMA GERMINATIF
Rooting
Seed collection
TECHNIQUE DE L'ISOLEMENT
TECNICAS DE AISLAMIENTO
TESTAGE
TESTING
Tetraploidy
TISSUE CULTURE
Tissue culture techniques
Vouchers
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Summary:Conservation and utilization of Gossypium germplasm for crop improvement depend on field-collecting seed from wild and feral populations. Since the availability of viable seed cannot always be assured during botanical expeditions, a simple tissue culture method was developed to allow the collection of living vegetative material from the field. Field-testing of this culture method in western Mexico resulted in 10% overall shoot formation from six Gossypium species; seed was not available from four of these species. Rooting the cuttings was possible, but more effective rooting procedures need to be developed for general utilization by field botanists, at least with Gossypium. The methodology will probably be broadly applicable to other plant species, particularly those that easily root from cuttings. /// La conservación y utilización de germoplasma de Gossypium para el mejoramiento de los cultivos depende en colecciones de semilla de poblaciones silvestres y semi-silvestres. Porque no es seguro que se puede encontrar semilla en el campo se desarrolló un método simple de cultivo de tejido que permite la colección de esquejes en el campo. Pruebas del método en México occidental resultó en 10% de formación de brotes en seis especies de Gossypium; no se encontró semilla para cuatro de las seis especies. Se demonstró que la formación de raices ocurre, pero apenas; entonces se require un método más eficáz para el uso de botánicos en el campo, por lo menos con Gossypium. La metodología probablemente se puede aplicar ampliamente a otras especies de plantas, especialmente las que facilmente forman raíces de estacas.
ISSN:0013-0001
1874-9364
DOI:10.1007/BF02861072