Shielding characteristics of nanocomposites for protection against X- and gamma rays in medical applications: effect of particle size, photon energy and nano-particle concentration

In recent decades, nanomaterials have been extensively investigated for many applications. Composites doped with different metal nanoparticles have been suggested as effective shielding materials to replace conventional lead-based materials. The use of concretes as structural and radiation protectiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Radiation and environmental biophysics 2020-11, Vol.59 (4), p.583-600
Main Authors: Mansouri, Elham, Mesbahi, Asghar, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mansouri, Ahmad
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and Medical Physics
Biophysics
Ecosystems
Effects of Radiation/Radiation Protection
Environmental Physics
Gamma Rays
Metals, Heavy
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Nanocomposites
Nanoparticles
Particle Size
Photons
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Radiation Protection
Review
X-Rays
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Summary:In recent decades, nanomaterials have been extensively investigated for many applications. Composites doped with different metal nanoparticles have been suggested as effective shielding materials to replace conventional lead-based materials. The use of concretes as structural and radiation protective material has been influenced by the addition of nanomaterials. Several elements with high atomic number and density, such as lead, bismuth, and tungsten, have the potential to form nanoparticles that offer significant enhancements in the shielding ability of composites. Their performance for a range of particle concentrations, particle sizes, and photon energies have been investigated. This review is an attempt to gather the data published in the literature about the application of nanomaterials in radiation shielding, including the use of polymer composites and concretes for protection against X-rays and gamma radiation.
ISSN:0301-634X
1432-2099
DOI:10.1007/s00411-020-00865-8