Controlling mesenchymal stem cell differentiation by TGFβ family members

Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into various tissue types including bone, cartilage, fat, and muscle. Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family members, including TGFβs and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), play important roles in directing fate decisions for mesenchymal stem cells. TGFβ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association 2003-09, Vol.8 (5), p.740-748
Main Authors: Roelen, Bernard A.J., Dijke, Peter ten
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
BMP
Differentiation
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Signal transduction
Skeleton and joints
Stem cell
TGFβ
Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system
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Summary:Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into various tissue types including bone, cartilage, fat, and muscle. Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family members, including TGFβs and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), play important roles in directing fate decisions for mesenchymal stem cells. TGFβ can provide competence for early stages of chondroblastic and osteoblastic differentiation, but it inhibits myogenesis, adipogenesis, and late-stage osteoblast differentiation. BMPs also inhibit adipogenesis and myogenesis, but they strongly promote osteoblast differentiation. TGFβ family members signal via specific serine/threonine kinase receptors and their nuclear effectors, termed Smad proteins. In this review we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which TGFβ family members control mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.
ISSN:0949-2658
1436-2023
DOI:10.1007/s00776-003-0702-2