Synthesis Method Effect on the Catalytic Performance of Acid–Base Bifunctional Catalysts for Converting Low-Quality Waste Cooking Oil to Biodiesel

Synthesis method effect on surface properties of doped V 2 O 5 metal oxide into CaO-based catalysts as acid–base bifunctional catalysts have been studied. Various acid–base bifunctional catalysts were synthesized via co-precipitation, impregnation, and physical mixing methods. X-ray diffraction (XRD...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Catalysis letters 2024-08, Vol.154 (8), p.4837-4855
Main Authors: Mulyatun, M., Prameswari, Jedy, Istadi, I., Widayat, W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Catalysis
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Organometallic Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
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Summary:Synthesis method effect on surface properties of doped V 2 O 5 metal oxide into CaO-based catalysts as acid–base bifunctional catalysts have been studied. Various acid–base bifunctional catalysts were synthesized via co-precipitation, impregnation, and physical mixing methods. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses of all prepared samples confirmed that V 2 O 5 was well dispersed on the surface of CaO catalysts. V 2 O 5 -CaO catalyst synthesized via the co-precipitation method exhibited the highest FAME yield (78.48%) under mild reaction conditions with waste cooking oil among other synthesized catalysts. This superiority is attributed to its highest total acid–base sites per catalyst surface area and mesoporous structure. The simultaneous esterification-transesterification activity was greatly affected by catalyst surface properties (i.e., the strength of acidity and basicity), the total amount of acid–base sites, and surface area. These results were supported by the N 2 -adsorption, Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD)-CO 2 , and TPD-NH 3 data. Thus, our work showed that co-precipitation was the most promising preparation method for maximizing the total acid–base sites per catalyst surface area and acid–base strength of the catalyst. The remarkable strength of the acid–base and total amount of acid–base sites of the V 2 O 5 -CaO catalyst is caused by the synergistic effect of the dual acid sites (Brønsted and Lewis) and base sites on the catalysts. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:1011-372X
1572-879X
DOI:10.1007/s10562-024-04643-9