Seeing the forest through the trees: a meta-analysis of political budget cycles

Despite a vast number of articles, the political budget cycle literature contains many conflicting theories and empirical results. I conduct the first ever meta-analysis of this literature in order to establish whether a link between elections and government budgets exists. Using data on 1198 estima...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Public choice 2016-09, Vol.168 (3/4), p.313-341
Main Author: Philips, Andrew Q.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Economics
Economics and Finance
Political Science
Public Finance
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Summary:Despite a vast number of articles, the political budget cycle literature contains many conflicting theories and empirical results. I conduct the first ever meta-analysis of this literature in order to establish whether a link between elections and government budgets exists. Using data on 1198 estimates across 88 studies published between 2000 and 2015, I find evidence of a statistically significant—yet substantively small—increase in government expenditures and public debt around elections, and reductions in revenues and fiscal balance. Using meta-regression analysis combined with Bayesian model averaging, I find support for some of the context-conditional theories in the literature. Although the findings of political budget cycles are robust to publication bias as well as some of the methodological- and study-specific choices authors are forced to make, they also shed light on how certain decisions may affect a study’s findings. This has implications for current and future research on political budget cycles.
ISSN:0048-5829
1573-7101
DOI:10.1007/s11127-016-0364-1