Anthocyanin content in the black scented rice (Chakhao): its impact on human health and plant defense

• Published in: Symbiosis (Philadelphia, Pa.) Pa.), 2015-05, Vol.66 (1), p.47-54
• Main Authors: Asem, Ibemhal D., Imotomba, R. K., Mazumder, P. B., Laishram, J. M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biomedical and Life Sciences; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Life Sciences; Microbiology; Plant Sciences
• ISSN: 0334-5114; 1878-7665
• DOI: 10.1007/s13199-015-0329-z

The major anthocyanin compositions of the two black scented rice cultivars ( Chakhao Poireiton and Chakhao Amubi ) were studied using HPLC. Four main anthocyanins, i.e., delphinidin 3-galactoside, delphinidin 3-arabinoside, cyanidin 3-galactoside and cyanidin 3-glucoside were identified in Chakhao Poireiton while three main anthocyanins, delphinidin 3-galactoside, delphinidin 3-arabinoside and cyanidin 3-galactoside were identified in Chakhao Amubi . In both the cultivars, delphinidin 3-galactoside is the most predominant anthocyanin. The total monomeric anthocyanin content and total phenolics were measured using a modified pH differential method and modified Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively. The total anthocyanin content in Chakhao Poireiton was found to be 740 mg/kg and Chakhao Amubi was 692 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside/kg of dried powder sample. And the total phenolic content was 577 and 500 mg/100 g of the dried powder sample as Gallic acid equivalent in Chakhao Poireiton and Chakhao Amubi , respectively. The anthocyanin extract showed strong antioxidant activity by DPPH assay, the highest scavenging activity of Chakhao Poireiton and Chakhao Amubi were 70.28 % and 69.73 %, respectively. From the study it can be suggested that supplementation of the black scented rice in the diet will have a great impact on human health. The rich anthocyanin and phenolic help to protect the plant from rice diseases and pests.