The Genetics of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Role of Diet as a Modifying Factor

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, and thus it is mainly linked to excess body weight and systematic insulin resistance. Moreover, recently published data are indicative of the contribution of environmental factors and suscepti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current nutrition reports 2014, Vol.3 (3), p.223-232
Main Authors: Kalafati, Ioanna-Panagiota, Borsa, Dimitra, Dedoussis, George V. Z.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiology
Clinical Nutrition
Diabetes
Genetics (GVZ Dedoussis
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Oncology
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Summary:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, and thus it is mainly linked to excess body weight and systematic insulin resistance. Moreover, recently published data are indicative of the contribution of environmental factors and susceptible genetic background in NAFLD onset and progression. PNPLA3 rs738409 is the main variant studied for NAFLD so far, and diet is recognized as the drastic environmental exposure. Research on the field is preliminary but promising. This review meets the need of a summary of all available data; it describes the role of specific genes and dietary constituents, as well as the nutrigenomic and nutrigenetic effects on NAFLD. Studies in the area hold promise for future personalized diet interventions on the reduction of NAFLD and related health problems incidence.
ISSN:2161-3311
2161-3311
DOI:10.1007/s13668-014-0085-3