ICU Delirium: Diagnosis, Risk Factors, and Management

Intensive care unit delirium is a complex problem associated with significant negative consequences on patient outcomes. Delirium is also known as acute brain dysfunction, reflecting the evolving paradigm that it is a manifestation of acute organ dysfunction in the setting of neurotransmitter imbala...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current anesthesiology reports (Philadelphia) 2015-12, Vol.5 (4), p.400-406
Main Authors: Heeder, Carolyn, Azocar, Ruben J., Tsai, Andrea
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anesthesiology
Critical Care Anesthesia (LL Liu
Critical Care Medicine
Intensive
Internal Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Section Editor
Topical Collection on Critical Care Anesthesia
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Summary:Intensive care unit delirium is a complex problem associated with significant negative consequences on patient outcomes. Delirium is also known as acute brain dysfunction, reflecting the evolving paradigm that it is a manifestation of acute organ dysfunction in the setting of neurotransmitter imbalances, inflammation, and metabolic derangements. In recent years, strides have been made towards better understanding its management, although much work remains to be done. Here we review the current state of knowledge regarding diagnosis, pathophysiology, risk factors, prevention, and management as supported by recent literature and the 2013 clinical practice guidelines on pain, agitation, and delirium.
ISSN:2167-6275
2167-6275
DOI:10.1007/s40140-015-0125-6