An Enigmatic Case of Extraovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Omentum

• Published in: Indian journal of gynecologic oncology 2022-03, Vol.20 (1), Article 12
• Main Authors: Khandelwal, Richi, Mahapatra, Manoranjan, Parija, Jita, Padhy, Ashok, Mohapatra, Janmejaya, Nayak, Bhagyalaxmi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Case Report; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Oncology; Surgical Oncology
• ISSN: 2363-8397; 2363-8400
• DOI: 10.1007/s40944-022-00609-0

Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) are the most common malignant sex cord–stromal tumors of the ovary. Extraovarian origin of granulosa cell tumor is rare but they are thought to arise from the mesenchyme of the genital ridge and are usually seen in children and adolescents. Only a handful of such cases have been reported in English language literature. We present a case of a 16-year-old female presenting with an abdominal mass which was diagnosed as juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the omentum on histopathology. The treatment is primarily surgical excision followed by chemotherapy. They have a very good prognosis, and most patients are cured completely. Preoperative imaging aids in the surgical decision making to distinguish granulosa cell tumor from other adnexal masses. Although ultrasonography and computed tomography help to attain a preoperative diagnosis, determining the exact location of intra-abdominal masses can be a difficult task at times. So, it has to be kept in mind that there is another entity called extraovarian granulosa cell tumor and it should be treated in a similar way as ovarian granulosa cell tumor.