Multi-phase mixing of liquid cryogens in the simulation of explosion hazards

Experiments simulating mixing of liquid oxygen (LO 2) and liquid hydrogen (LH 2) have been performed. The non-reactive mixtures were obtained by injecting jets of the oxidizer or simulant into a pool of the fuel or simulant. Three fluid combinations were tested: LO 2 into liquid helium (LHe), liquid...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of heat and mass transfer 1994, Vol.37, p.123-132
Main Authors: Luchik, T.S., Kwack, E.Y., Aaron, K.M., Shakkottai, P., Back, L.H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Combustion. Flame
Energy
Energy. Thermal use of fuels
Exact sciences and technology
Miscellaneous
Theoretical studies. Data and constants. Metering
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Summary:Experiments simulating mixing of liquid oxygen (LO 2) and liquid hydrogen (LH 2) have been performed. The non-reactive mixtures were obtained by injecting jets of the oxidizer or simulant into a pool of the fuel or simulant. Three fluid combinations were tested: LO 2 into liquid helium (LHe), liquid nitrogen (LN 2) into LHe and LN 2into LH 2. Experimental observations included flash X-ray and high speed video imaging, hot film anemometry, and thermocouple and diode thermometry. Results showed that the jet fluid stays coherent throughout the mixing process and that peak boiling of the pool fluid occurs shortly after jet impingement. Estimates of bulk density indicate a smaller range of variation than is currently being used for explosive yield calculations.
ISSN:0017-9310
1879-2189
DOI:10.1016/0017-9310(94)90016-7