Evaluation of health risks by airborne particulates from in vitro cyto- and genotoxicity testing on human and rodent tissue culture cells: A longitudinal study from 1975 until now

Airborne particulate matter or city smog from heavily industrialized regions contains more than 600 mostly organic chemical substances, among them also potential carcinogens and mutagens. 41 samples of airborne particulate matter were collected between 1975 and 1990 at various locations of the highl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of aerosol science 1990, Vol.21, p.S501-S504
Main Authors: Seemayer, N.H., Hadnagy, W., Tomingas, R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Airborne particulates
bioassays
carcinogenicity
cytotoxicity
mammalian cell cultures
mutagenicity
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Summary:Airborne particulate matter or city smog from heavily industrialized regions contains more than 600 mostly organic chemical substances, among them also potential carcinogens and mutagens. 41 samples of airborne particulate matter were collected between 1975 and 1990 at various locations of the highly industrialized Rhine-Ruhr region in F.R.Germany. Extracts of airborne particulates were prepared by organic solvents. Results demonstrate pronounced cytotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic activities of various samples of airborne particulates. Cytotoxicity testing of samples revealed a gradual dose-related impairment of phagocytosis of human and rodent macrophages leading at higher concentrations to a loss of cell viability. We observed a dose-dependent reduction of “plating efficiency” of human and rodent cell lines. Genotoxic activity of extracts was demonstrated by a dose-related induction of “sister chromatid exchanges” in human lymphocyte cultures. Furthermore, we found a pronounced dose-dependent “enhancement” of neoplastic cell transformation of Syrian hamster kidney cultures infected with Simian virus (SV-) 40.
ISSN:0021-8502
1879-1964
DOI:10.1016/0021-8502(90)90290-E