Characterization and thermal and electromagnetic behaviour of gadolinium-doped calcium tartrate crystals grown by the solution technique

• Published in: Journal of crystal growth 1995-12, Vol.156 (4), p.421-425
• Main Authors: Torres, M.E., Yanes, A.C., Lopez, T., Stockel, J., Peraza, J.F.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties; Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology; Dielectric properties of solids and liquids; Dielectrics, piezoelectrics, and ferroelectrics and their properties; Domain effects, magnetization curves, and hysteresis; Exact sciences and technology; Growth from solutions; Magnetic properties and materials; Materials science; Methods of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth; Permittivity (dielectric function); Physics
• ISSN: 0022-0248; 1873-5002
• DOI: 10.1016/0022-0248(95)00236-7

Energy dispersive analysis by X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR), thermogravimetric (TG), differential thermogravimetric (DTG), differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and electromagnetic studies carried out on crystalline materials obtained by diffusion of gadolinium and calcium ions through silica gel impregnated with tartaric acid and grown by means of slow cooling between 72°C and 40°C are reported. EDAX confirmed the presence of gadolinium. X-ray diffraction data did not show any appreciable differences between the structures of doped and undoped calcium tartrate. IR in the range of 500–4000 cm −1 and the description of peaks recorded for the material are given. Results of thermal analysis (TG, DTG and DSC) indicated that the material is thermally unstable. Dielectric and magnetic measurements were determined in the frequency range 45 MHz to 2 GHz.