Detection of Clostridium botulinum in fish and environmental samples using polymerase chain reaction

A test protocol for the detection and enumeration of Clostridium botulinum in fish and sediment samples with specific identification of neurotoxin types A, B, E and F was developed. Specific amplification products generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) formed the basis of identification of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of food microbiology 1996-08, Vol.31 (1), p.357-365
Main Authors: Hielm, Sebastian, Hyytiä, Eija, Ridell, Jouko, Korkeala, Hannu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ANALYTICAL METHODS
Animals
Bacteriological methods and techniques used in bacteriology
Bacteriology
Base Sequence
Biological and medical sciences
BoNT gene
CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM
Clostridium botulinum - isolation & purification
ESPORAS
Fishes - microbiology
Food industries
Food microbiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Geologic Sediments - microbiology
Mice
Microbiology
Most probable number
MPN
Neurotoxins - isolation & purification
ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS
PCR
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Rainbow trout
Sediment samples
SPORE
SPORES
TECHNIQUE ANALYTIQUE
TECNICAS ANALITICAS
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Summary:A test protocol for the detection and enumeration of Clostridium botulinum in fish and sediment samples with specific identification of neurotoxin types A, B, E and F was developed. Specific amplification products generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) formed the basis of identification of the toxin-producing organism, whereas quantification of the results was achieved with the most probable number (MPN) method. Twenty-six C. botulinum strains studied with PCR assays after enrichment in trypticase-peptone-glucoseyeast extract (TPGY) broth gave identical results as with the mouse bioassay. The suitability of the detection method for food and environmental surveys was assessed by running it on 32 samples of rainbow trout inoculated with spore loads ranging from 10 2 to 10 6 C. botulinum type E spores per kg. The organism was detected in all samples, and MPN estimates corresponded well to inoculum levels. In order to assess possible natural contamination, 16 fish and 16 visceral samples of rainbow trout, as well as ten aquatic sediment samples were tested. Of these, eight (80%) of the sediment samples were positive, with estimated spore counts of C. botulinum type E ranging from 95–2710 per kg sample.
ISSN:0168-1605
1879-3460
DOI:10.1016/0168-1605(96)00984-1