Extraction of organic components from aqueous streams by vacuum membrane distillation

The removal of volatile organic compounds from aqueous streams by vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) has been analyzed. VMD is an evaporation process which takes place through microporous hydrophobic membranes; at low pressure the mass transfer through the membrane is generally dominated by the Knud...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of membrane science 1993-06, Vol.80 (1), p.21-33
Main Authors: Sarti, G.C., Gostoli, C., Bandini, S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
evaporation
Exact sciences and technology
General purification processes
microporous membranes
Pollution
vacuum membrane distillation
volatile organics
Wastewaters
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:The removal of volatile organic compounds from aqueous streams by vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) has been analyzed. VMD is an evaporation process which takes place through microporous hydrophobic membranes; at low pressure the mass transfer through the membrane is generally dominated by the Knudsen mechanism, while the process selectivity is essentially determined by the liquid-vapor equilibrium conditions existing at the interface. Dilute aqueous mixtures containing ethanol or methylterbutyl ether have been experimentally investigated, in a wide range of operating conditions. The role of concentration-polarization phenomena on the separation factor was also investigated. A detailed model of the transport phenomena involved in the process is developed and compared with the experimental data. A VMD system is finally designed for the purification of waste waters and the related treatment costs are evaluated.
ISSN:0376-7388
1873-3123
DOI:10.1016/0376-7388(93)85129-K