Syntheses and characterisation of graft copolymers of maize starch and methacrylonitrile

Grafting of methacrylonitrile (MAN) onto dried maize starch using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator has been studied gravimetrically under nitrogen atmosphere in aqueous medium. The percentage grafting is favoured by increasing monomer concentration and reaction time but is affected by hi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Carbohydrate polymers 2000-04, Vol.41 (4), p.407-416
Main Authors: Athawale, V.D, Lele, V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Ceric ammonium nitrate
Characterisation
Exact sciences and technology
Graft copolymerisation
Methacrylonitrile
Natural polymers
Physicochemistry of polymers
Starch
Starch and polysaccharides
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Summary:Grafting of methacrylonitrile (MAN) onto dried maize starch using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator has been studied gravimetrically under nitrogen atmosphere in aqueous medium. The percentage grafting is favoured by increasing monomer concentration and reaction time but is affected by higher concentration of initiator and high temperature. No grafting was observed beyond 45°C. The optimum conditions established for grafting were: [ CAN]=0.002 mol/l which was added in molar nitric acid; [ MAN]=0.755 mol/l ; reaction time, 180 min; and temperature, 35°C. The graft copolymers were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and acid hydrolysis. The grafting of methacrylonitrile onto starch does not alter the thermal stability of starch. The crystalline region of starch was also involved in grafting. Scanning electron microscopy showed a thick polymer coating of grafted PMAN on the starch surface.
ISSN:0144-8617
1879-1344
DOI:10.1016/S0144-8617(99)00101-0