Insect pests and associated root pathogens of sainfoin in western USA

Sainfoin, Onobrychis viciifolia, Scop., is a perennial forage legume that was introduced into North America as an alternative to alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. Sainfoin does not cause bloating in livestock, is comparatively drought-resistant, and is not attacked by several economically important alfalf...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Field crops research 1998-11, Vol.59 (2), p.129-134
Main Authors: Morrill, Wendell L, Ditterline, Raymond L, Cash, S.Dennis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADELPHOCORIS LINEOLATUS
AGENT PATHOGENE
Alfalfa weevil
BRUCHOPHAGUS
ESTADOS DEL OESTE (EUA)
ETATS DE L'OUEST (EU)
LYGUS HESPERUS
ONOBRYCHIS VICIIFOLIA
ORGANISMOS PATOGENOS
PATHOGENS
RACINE
RAICES
Root pathogens
ROOTS
Sainfoin
SITONA
Sitona weevil
WESTERN STATES (USA)
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Summary:Sainfoin, Onobrychis viciifolia, Scop., is a perennial forage legume that was introduced into North America as an alternative to alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. Sainfoin does not cause bloating in livestock, is comparatively drought-resistant, and is not attacked by several economically important alfalfa insect pests. Plant survival in long-term sainfoin fields is reduced by root pathogens that invade through scars caused by root-feeding insects. Sitona scissifrons Say (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) weevils feed in sainfoin foliage and their larvae attack roots. Weevil populations were suppressed by application of carbofuran for two years in a newly established field. During the third year, there were fewer feeding scars and a lower incidence of tap-root disease in treated plots, indicating larval activity was associated with incidence of disease. In a seven-year trial near Bozeman, MT, alfalfa weevils. Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and pea aphids, Acrythosiphon pisum (Harris) (Homoptera: Aphididae) attacked alfalfa but not sainfoin. Both crops were attacked by S. scissifrons, however, as well as by a complex group of plant bugs, including Lygus elisus VanDuzee, L. hesperus Knight, and Adelphocoris lineolatus (Geoze) (Hemiptera: Miridae). A seed-infesting insect, Bruchophagous spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), was found in only sainfoin.
ISSN:0378-4290
1872-6852
DOI:10.1016/S0378-4290(98)00113-0