The distribution and expression of HERV families in the human genome

The families of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are widely distributed in the human genome. Here we examined their distribution and expression. Approximately forty thousand HERV elements including truncated and solitary long terminal repeats (LTRs) were identified. These elements were most den...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules and cells 2004-08, Vol.18 (1), p.87-93
Main Authors: Kim, Tae-Hyung, Jeon, Yeo-Jin, Yi, Joo-Mi, Kim, Dae-Soo, Huh, Jae-Won, Hur, Cheol-Goo, Kim, Heui-Soo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Endogenous Retroviruses - classification
Endogenous Retroviruses - genetics
Endogenous Retroviruses - metabolism
Expressed Sequence Tags
Genome, Human
Genomic Instability
Humans
Molecular Sequence Data
Multigene Family
Tissue Distribution
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Summary:The families of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are widely distributed in the human genome. Here we examined their distribution and expression. Approximately forty thousand HERV elements including truncated and solitary long terminal repeats (LTRs) were identified. These elements were most dense on chromosomes 4, 20, X, and Y. From an analysis of genomic stability during primate evolution, the 5 cent -LTR of the HERV genome (5 cent LTR - internal HERV - 3 cent LTR) appeared to be more often truncated than the 3 cent -LTR. ESTs derived from normal placenta, skeletal muscle, hypothalamus, and testis gave frequent matches to HERV elements. We present a classification of genes associated with HERV elements according to the hierarchical structure of gene ontology.
ISSN:1016-8478
DOI:10.1016/S1016-8478(23)13085-8