The effect of manganese chloride on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

• Published in: Pharmacological research 2003-12, Vol.48 (6), p.637-642
• Main Authors: Ateşşahin, A., Karahan, I., Yilmaz, S., Çeribaşi, A.O., Princci, I.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants; Catalase - metabolism; Chlorides - pharmacology; Chlorides - therapeutic use; Creatinine - blood; Gentamicin; Gentamicins - administration & dosage; Gentamicins - toxicity; Glutathione - metabolism; Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism; Histopathology; Kidney - drug effects; Kidney - metabolism; Kidney - pathology; Kidney Diseases - blood; Kidney Diseases - chemically induced; Kidney Diseases - prevention & control; Lipid peroxidation; Malondialdehyde - metabolism; Manganese; Manganese Compounds - pharmacology; Manganese Compounds - therapeutic use; Potassium - blood; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium - blood; Urea - blood
• ISSN: 1043-6618; 1096-1186
• DOI: 10.1016/S1043-6618(03)00227-5

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of manganese chloride on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Thirty-six adult Wistar Albino rats were divided into six equal groups. They were injected with gentamicin sulfate (100 mg kg −1 per day i.p.) and manganese chloride (2 or 20 mg kg −1 per day i.p.) and gentamicin together with manganese chloride for 6 days. The animals were killed 24 h after the last injection. Nephrotoxicity was biochemically and histopathologically evaluated. The concentrations of creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium in plasma, malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities in kidney tissue were determined. Administration of gentamicin to rats induced a marked renal failure, characterized with a significant increase in plasma creatinine and urea concentrations. A significant increase in kidney MDA and a decrease in GSH concentrations were observed in gentamicin-treated rats. No change was observed in the activities of GSH-Px and CAT in rats treated with gentamicin alone. Administration of the low dose of manganese (Mn 2+) produced amelioration in biochemical indices of nephrotoxicity in plasma and kidney tissue when compared to gentamicin group. The histological signs of renal proximal tubules followed a similar pattern. The high dose of Mn 2+ (20 mg kg −1) caused an opposite effect on nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin, causing exacerbation in the tubular necrosis. The results suggest that low dose of Mn 2+ may have an antioxidant effect in kidneys of gentamicin administrated rats, but its high doses had no beneficial effect.