Biocompatibility and chemical reaction kinetics of injectable, settable polyurethane/allograft bone biocomposites

Injectable and settable bone grafts offer significant advantages over pre-formed implants due to their ability to be administered using minimally invasive techniques and to conform to the shape of the defect. However, injectable biomaterials present biocompatibility challenges due to the potential t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta biomaterialia 2012-12, Vol.8 (12), p.4405-4416
Main Authors: Page, Jonathan M., Prieto, Edna M., Dumas, Jerald E., Zienkiewicz, Katarzyna J., Wenke, Joseph C., Brown-Baer, Pamela, Guelcher, Scott A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
allografting
Animals
Biocompatibility
biocompatible materials
biocomposites
Bone Substitutes - chemistry
Bone Substitutes - pharmacology
catalysts
chemical reactions
Femur - injuries
Femur - pathology
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
gelation
inflammation
Injectable
Kinetics
leaching
Lysine
Materials Testing
Models, Biological
polyesters
Polyurethane
polyurethanes
Polyurethanes - chemistry
Polyurethanes - pharmacology
Porosity
prediction
Rabbits
reaction kinetics
Reactivity
stoichiometry
toxicity
urethane
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Summary:Injectable and settable bone grafts offer significant advantages over pre-formed implants due to their ability to be administered using minimally invasive techniques and to conform to the shape of the defect. However, injectable biomaterials present biocompatibility challenges due to the potential toxicity and ultimate fate of reactive components that are not incorporated in the final cured product. In this study the effects of stoichiometry and triethylenediamine (TEDA) catalyst concentration on the reactivity, injectability, and biocompatibility of two component lysine-derived polyurethane (PUR) biocomposites were investigated. Rate constants were measured for the reactions of water (a blowing agent resulting in the generation of pores), polyester triol, dipropylene glycol (DPG), and allograft bone particles with the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer using an in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique. Based on the measured rate constants, a kinetic model predicting the conversion of each component with time was developed. Despite the fact that TEDA is a well-known urethane gelling catalyst, it was found to preferentially catalyze the blowing reaction with water relative to the gelling reactions by a ratio >17:1. Thus the kinetic model predicted that the prepolymer and water proceeded to full conversion, while the conversions of polyester triol and DPG were
ISSN:1742-7061
1878-7568
DOI:10.1016/j.actbio.2012.07.037