New insight into the role of resistant starch in pig nutrition

• Published in: Animal feed science and technology 2015-03, Vol.201, p.1-13
• Main Authors: Giuberti, Gianluca, Gallo, Antonio, Moschini, Maurizio, Masoero, Francesco
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Digestibility; Feed; Fermentability; Pig; Resistant starch
• ISSN: 0377-8401; 1873-2216
• DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.01.004

•Resistant starch is fraction of dietary starch that escapes digestion in upper intestinal tract.•Starchy ingredients entering pig diets contain from 50 up to 500g/kg DM of resistant starch.•Resistant starch may impair energetic efficiency and feeding behavior of growing pigs.•Resistant starch may act as a potential prebiotic source favoring butyrate production.•Its fermentation could reduce the N emission from pig facilities. In pig nutrition, the analysis of starch is merely focused on assessing total quantity. However, indications suggest that a certain fraction of starch, defined as resistant starch (RS), can escape digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract therefore passing into the large bowel where can act as fermentative substrate. Nutritionally RS, along with other non-starch polysaccharides and non-digestible oligosaccharides, is regarded as non-digestible carbohydrate. As for humans, the concept of RS has gained increasing attention also in pig nutrition. As a consequence, research to obtain a deeper knowledge on how different RS levels and types may affect energy metabolism, nutrient availability, pig performance and induce positive effects on pigs through fermentation has progressed recently. Therefore, this review comprises updated data on: (i) factors related to the RS content in feed; (ii) systemic effects of RS from various sources in pigs; (iii) aspects associated to the RS fermentation process and role of RS in the pig large intestine; (iv) possible implications of RS on the environmental load of pig facilities. Since the digestibility of starch is compromised in the early period after weaning, the present discussion will be mainly restricted to older animals (especially growing pigs).