Climate change and oil pollution: A dangerous cocktail for tropical zooplankton

• Published in: Aquatic toxicology 2021-02, Vol.231, p.105718, Article 105718
• Main Authors: Hernández Ruiz, Laura, Ekumah, Bernard, Asiedu, Delove Abraham, Albani, Giovanna, Acheampong, Emmanuel, Jónasdóttir, Sigrún H., Koski, Marja, Nielsen, Torkel Gissel
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Climate Change; Copepoda - drug effects; Copepoda - physiology; Feces; Female; Humans; Marine heatwaves; Multiple stressors; Oil pollution; Petroleum Pollution - analysis; Pyrenes - toxicity; Reproduction - drug effects; Survival Analysis; Tropical Climate; Tropical zooplankton; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity; Zooplankton - physiology
• ISSN: 0166-445X; 1879-1514
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105718

•Tropical marine ecosystems under pressure by climate change and pollution.•A tropical copepod was exposed the combination of heatwaves and oil (pyrene).•Thermal stress resulted in reduced survival and egg production.•Thermal stress increased the sensitivity to pyrene, indicating a synergistic interaction.•Multiple stressors have negative consequences for tropical marine ecosystems. Climate change and oil pollution pose a major threat to tropical marine ecosystems and to the coastal communities relying on their resources. The Gulf of Guinea is severely affected by multiple human induced stressors, but the potential impacts of these on marine productivity remain unknown. We investigated the combined effects of heatwaves (climate stressor) and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pyrene (proxy for oil) on the copepod Centropages velificatus. We quantified survival, reproduction and fecal pellet production of females exposed to concentrations of 0, 10, 100 and 100+ nM (saturated) pyrene under simulated heatwaves of different thermal intensity (+3 °C and +5 °C above control treatment temperature). Thermal stress due to both moderate and intensive heatwaves resulted in reduced survival and egg production. The negative effects of pyrene were only measurable at the high pyrene concentrations. However, thermal stress increased the sensitivity of C. velificatus to pyrene, indicating a synergistic interaction between the two stressors. We document that the interaction of multiple stressors can result in cumulative impacts that are stronger than expected based on single stressor studies. Further research is urgently needed to evaluate the combined impact of climatic and anthropogenic stressors on the productivity of coastal ecosystems, particularly in the tropical areas.