Synthesis and characterization of bioscaffolds using freeze drying technique for bone regeneration

• Published in: Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology 2019-07, Vol.20, p.101184, Article 101184
• Main Authors: Geetha, B., Premkumar, J., Pradeep, J. Paul, Krishnakumar, S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bio-scaffolds; Bone tissue engineering; Characterization; Porosity; Tricalcium phosphate
• ISSN: 1878-8181; 1878-8181
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101184

Bioscaffolds composed of polymeric biomaterials must be bio-compatible, absorbable and biodegradable upon implantation into humans. The aim of the current study is to synthesize highly porous bioscaffold that provides the appropriate environment for the regeneration of bone tissue. To accomplish this, bioscaffold was prepared by Freeze drying method using Beta-tricalcium phosphate, chitin and gelatin. The Scaffold was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The in-vitro bioactivity was tested by calcium phosphate rich layer on surface of soaked scaffold in different pH. FESEM demonstrated that the prepared scaffold had interconnected pores with a pore size of 50–60 nm. The XRD showed the composite structure and FTIR revealed the incorporation of Beta-tricalcium phosphate into chitin and gelatin. Porosity calculated by Archimedes principles was 76%. The degradation of scaffold biomaterial was pH dependent. The acidic pH had high weight loss initially ranging from 35% to 40% compared to neutral pH. However, the degradation rate was slowed down after 10 h. Thus, our study preliminarily concludes that Beta-tricalcium phosphate, chitin and gelatin incorporated bio-scaffolds could be an ideal scaffold for bone regeneration. However, further research is needed to confirm the use of synthesized scaffold for bone tissue engineering or bone defects.