Hypolipidemic and reduced nitrergic effects of p-hydroxycinnamic diesters extracted from Copernicia prunifera in mice challenged by a high-fat diet

• Published in: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy 2021-10, Vol.142, p.111930, Article 111930
• Main Authors: Silva, José Ytalo Gomes da, Rodrigues, Paula Alves Salmito, Holanda, Marcelo Oliveira, Silva, Bruno Bezerra da, Lima, Carla Laine Silva, Lira, Sandra Machado, Moura, Luiz Francisco Wemmenson Gonçalves, Paim, Raquel Teixeira Terceiro, Florean, Eridan Orlando Pereira Tramontina, Marques, Márcia Maria Mendes, Oriá, Reinaldo Barreto, Mendes, Francisca Noélia Pereira, Vieira, Icaro Gusmão Pinto, Guedes, Maria Izabel Florindo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Animals; Arecaceae - chemistry; Biomarkers - metabolism; Body Weight - drug effects; Carnauba wax; Coumaric Acids - administration & dosage; Coumaric Acids - isolation & purification; Coumaric Acids - pharmacology; Coumaric Acids - toxicity; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Disease Models, Animal; Female; High-fat diet; Hyperlipidemia; Hyperlipidemias - blood; Hyperlipidemias - chemically induced; Hyperlipidemias - drug therapy; Hypolipidemic Agents - administration & dosage; Hypolipidemic Agents - pharmacology; Hypolipidemic Agents - toxicity; Inflammation - genetics; Interleukin-1beta - metabolism; Lipid Metabolism - genetics; Lipids - blood; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Liver X Receptors - metabolism; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; p-hydroxycinnamic diesters; Plant Extracts - administration & dosage; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Extracts - toxicity; Simvastatin - administration & dosage; Simvastatin - pharmacology
• ISSN: 0753-3322; 1950-6007
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111930

Dyslipidemia is a chronic non-transmissible condition that has increased due to an unhealthy lifestyle. Statins have been used as the standard treatment to control hyperlipidemia. However, side effects and high costs may be associated with its prolonged treatment, so plants derivatives have been an attractive therapy to overcome these problems. Among the compounds extracted from plants, the p-hydroxycinnamic diesters (HCE), present in carnauba wax (CW), have been found with good pharmacological properties. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential anti-hypercholesterolemic and possible toxicological effects of HCE in C57BL/6J mice under a high-fat (HF) diet. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed during 60 days under the HF diet and therefore were either treated with HCE (200 and 400 mg/kg) or simvastatin (20 mg/kg) or received saline (controls) by gavage for 30 days under the same diet. HCE treatment was able to reduce serum total cholesterol and LDL levels. Besides, this compound increased liver X receptor (LXR) and but not significantly affected IL-1β and TNF-α liver mRNA transcription activity. In conclusion, HCE treatment was found safe and may attenuate the deleterious effects of dyslipidemia due to chronic feeding with western diets. [Display omitted] •Carnauba wax has promising pharmacological properties.•p-Hydroxycinnamic diesters from carnauba wax are safe and showed anti-hypercholesterolemic and anti-nitrergic effects.•p-Hydroxycinnamic diesters from carnauba wax improved liver LXR mRNA levels.•p-Hydroxycinnamic diesters affected IL-1β and TNF-α liver mRNA transcription activity.