Stack ventilation in multi-storey atrium buildings: A dimensionless design approach

• Published in: Building and environment 2014-02, Vol.72, p.44-52
• Main Authors: Acred, Andrew, Hunt, Gary R.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Atrium; Building technical equipments; Buildings; Buildings. Public works; Buoyancy; Computation methods. Tables. Charts; Dimensionless design; Environmental engineering; Exact sciences and technology; High rise building; Multi-storey buildings; Natural ventilation; Stack effect; Structural analysis. Stresses; Types of buildings; Ventilation. Air conditioning
• ISSN: 0360-1323; 1873-684X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.10.007

Using a simplified mathematical model, a preliminary design strategy for steady stack ventilation in multi-storey atrium buildings is developed. By non-dimensionalising the governing equations of flow, two key dimensionless parameters are identified – a ventilation performance indicator, λ, and atrium enhancement parameter, E – which quantify the performance of the ventilation system and the effectiveness of the atrium in assisting flows. Analytical expressions are determined to inform the vent sizes needed to provide the desired balance between indoor air temperature, ventilation flow rate and heat inputs for any distribution of occupants within the building, and also to ensure unidirectional flow. Dimensionless charts for determining the required combination of design variables are presented with a view to informing first-order design guidance for naturally ventilated buildings. •We present a simple model of natural ventilation flows in atrium buildings.•Simple expressions to appropriately size ventilation openings are determined.•Two dimensionless parameters are used to quantify ventilation performance.•Dimensionless charts are used to provide a visual design method.