Graphitization of 13C enriched fine-grained graphitic material under high-pressure annealing

• Published in: Carbon (New York) 2019-01, Vol.141, p.323-330
• Main Authors: Fedoseeva, Yu.V., Okotrub, A.V., Koroteev, V.O., Borzdov, Yu.M., Palyanov, Yu. N., Shubin, Yu.V., Maksimovskiy, E.A., Makarova, A.A., Münchgesang, W., Bulusheva, L.G., Vyalikh, A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0008-6223; 1873-3891
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.09.065

Hot pressing is one of the promising routes for graphitization of carbon materials. In the present work, high-pressure high-temperature behaviour of 13C-enriched fine-grained graphitic material has been studied by using a set of experimental tools such as scanning electron microscopy, Raman scattering, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The material has been annealed at a temperature of 1200 or 1500 °C using a stabilizing pressure of 5 GPa. It shown, that addition of small amount of water during the annealing at 1200 °C results in a better local atomic ordering of carbon material and increases the hydrocarbon fraction. Well-ordered graphite crystals enriched with 13C isotope are formed on the surface of nickel ampule at 1500 °C. An increase in processing time from 2 to 15 h decreases the defect density and improves the graphitization level of the material. [Display omitted]