Characterization, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects of selenized polysaccharides from dandelion roots

• Published in: Carbohydrate polymers 2021-05, Vol.260, p.117796, Article 117796
• Main Authors: Wang, Libo, Li, Lianyu, Gao, Jingyu, Huang, Jing, Yang, Yu, Xu, Yaqin, Liu, Shuang, Yu, Wenqing
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ability; Animals; Antioxidant activity; Antioxidants - chemistry; Cell Survival - drug effects; Dandelion; Hydrogen Peroxide - pharmacology; Immunologic Factors - chemistry; Immunologic Factors - metabolism; Immunologic Factors - pharmacology; Immunomodulatory; Macrophages - cytology; Macrophages - drug effects; Macrophages - metabolism; Mice; Molecular Weight; Phagocytosis - drug effects; Plant Roots - metabolism; Polysaccharides; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Polysaccharides - metabolism; Polysaccharides - pharmacology; RAW 264.7 Cells; Selenium - chemistry; Selenylation; Taraxacum - metabolism
• ISSN: 0144-8617; 1879-1344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117796

[Display omitted] •The selenized derivatives of polysaccharide from dandelion roots were prepared.•The physicochemical properties and structures of selenized polysaccharides were investigated.•The antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities were greatly improved by selenium modification.•The present results expand the research scope of the polysaccharides from dandelion roots. The polysaccharide (DRP) was gained from dandelion roots by ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) followed by two-step column purification. Then selenylation of DRP has been accomplished by HNO3-Na2SeO3 method. sDRP-1 and sDRP-2 with the selenium content of 170 ± 1.13 and 710 ± 4.00 μg/g were prepared for further structural characterization and bioactivity determination. DRP, sDRP-1, and sDRP-2 were composed of the same monosaccharides in different molar ratios, and the molecular weights of DRP, sDRP-1 and sDRP-2 were 8700, 7900, and 5600 Da, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra confirmed that DRP, sDRP-1, and sDRP-2 possessed similar functional groups. The results of Congo red test, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that DRP, sDRP-1, and sDRP-2 had no three helix structure, did not form single crystal, and all belonged to amorphous morphology. sDRP-1 and sDRP-2 possessed greater antioxidant activities in vitro than the native polysaccharide DRP. At the same time, the selenized polysaccharides showed better immunomodulatory ability and could be used as new-type immunoenhancer. The present conclusions provided theoretical basis for the new application of dandelion polysaccharides and the development of dandelion resources.