Bioaccumulation of perfluoroalkyl substances in marine echinoderms: Results of laboratory-scale experiments with Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin, 1791

Bioaccumulation of six perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) was assessed using the marine echinoderm Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin, 1791. Batch experiments were conducted to establish the relationship between concentrations in water, sediment and biota over 197 days. The sample treatment for the determinat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2019-01, Vol.215, p.261-271
Main Authors: Martín, Julia, Hidalgo, Félix, García-Corcoles, María Teresa, Ibáñez-Yuste, Alejandro José, Alonso, Esteban, Vilchez, Jose Luís, Zafra-Gómez, Alberto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bioaccumulation studies
Biota
Chromatography, Liquid
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Environmental partitioning
Female
Fluorocarbons - analysis
Fluorocarbons - pharmacokinetics
Geologic Sediments - chemistry
Holothuria - metabolism
Holothuria tubulosa
Laboratories
Perfluoroalkyl substances
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
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Summary:Bioaccumulation of six perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) was assessed using the marine echinoderm Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin, 1791. Batch experiments were conducted to establish the relationship between concentrations in water, sediment and biota over 197 days. The sample treatment for the determination of compounds involves steps of lyophilization, solvent extraction and clean-up of the extracts with dispersive sorbents. PFAS were then analysed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. During contaminant exposure, detectable levels of compounds were found in all samples collected. Mean concentrations of selected PFAS were higher in sediments than in water samples. This fact is explained by the strong adsorption of these compounds into sediments. Sediment-water distribution coefficients (log Kd) were in the range 0.11 (PFBuA) to 2.46 (PFOA). Beside this, PFAS accumulation was observed in Holothuria tubulosa organisms. The uptake of PFAS was very rapid, reaching the maximum between 22 and 38 days of assay. Bioaccumulation factors (mean log BAF: 1.16–4.39) and biota sediment accumulation factors (mean log BSAF: 1.37–2.89) indicated a high bioaccumulation potential for the target compounds. Both parameters increased with perfluoroalkyl chain length (R2 > 0.93; p 
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.037