Characterization of kaolin from the Capim River region — Brazil

Kaolin has been intensively used as an industrial mineral, mainly in the paper industry, as coating or filler material. In order to achieve the market requirements for this kind of use, there are several beneficiation processes that kaolin should pass, such as grain size classification, chemical ble...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied clay science 2012, Vol.55, p.164-167
Main Authors: Santos, E. dos, Scorzelli, R.B., Bertolino, L.C., Alves, O.C., Munayco, P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy
Characterization
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Electron spin resonance
Exact sciences and technology
Kaolin
Mineralogy
Silicates
X-ray diffraction
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Summary:Kaolin has been intensively used as an industrial mineral, mainly in the paper industry, as coating or filler material. In order to achieve the market requirements for this kind of use, there are several beneficiation processes that kaolin should pass, such as grain size classification, chemical bleaching and magnetic separation. In this work, mineralogical, chemical and physical characterizations were carried out in kaolin samples from the mined ore in Capim 1 deposit being commercially exploited by Pará Pigmentos S/A, before and after different steps of the industrial beneficiation processes. X-ray fluorescence and brightness measurement results indicate that all kaolin samples are typified by low iron content and high brightness grade. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy data exhibit kaolinite as the main mineral phase with minor amounts of quartz. The Hinckley index (> 1.06) as determined with XRD shows that all samples exhibit high structural order. From electron spin resonance and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy data we obtained essential information about the chemical nature of iron impurities. Results reveal that the highest improvement in kaolin properties is obtained when previous magnetic separation is included in the beneficiation. ► Structural iron is not removed by beneficiation procedures. ► ESR and Mössbauer spectroscopy information may optimize kaolin processing. ► Hematite and goethite: main Fe-bearing impurities in kaolin from Capim River. ► Fe 3+ for Al 3+ isomorphous substitution within the kaolinite structure. ► Hinckley indexes indicate high structural order degree for kaolin from Capim River.
ISSN:0169-1317
1872-9053
DOI:10.1016/j.clay.2011.11.009