Optimising management of neutropenia and anaemia in cancer chemotherapy—advances in cytokine therapy

Neutropenia and anaemia are serious complications of myelosuppressive chemotherapy. They have a negative impact on patient quality of life and may reduce response to treatment. Febrile neutropenia, a potentially life-threatening complication of neutropenia, frequently requires hospital admission, wh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Critical reviews in oncology/hematology 2003-10, Vol.48 (Suppl), p.S39-S47
Main Authors: Siena, Salvatore, Secondino, Simona, Giannetta, Laura, Carminati, Ornella, Pedrazzoli, Paolo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anaemia
Anemia - chemically induced
Anemia - drug therapy
Anemia - therapy
Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects
Colony-Stimulating Factors - administration & dosage
Colony-Stimulating Factors - therapeutic use
Cytokine
Darbepoetin alfa
Disease Management
Erythropoietin
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
Humans
Neoplasms - complications
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Neutropenia
Neutropenia - chemically induced
Neutropenia - drug therapy
Neutropenia - therapy
Pegfilgrastim
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:Neutropenia and anaemia are serious complications of myelosuppressive chemotherapy. They have a negative impact on patient quality of life and may reduce response to treatment. Febrile neutropenia, a potentially life-threatening complication of neutropenia, frequently requires hospital admission, while fatigue and weakness from anaemia reduce patient’s capacity for activity. Pegfilgrastim and darbepoetin alfa, were designed to simplify and optimise treatment for patients with cancer. Once-per-cycle pegfilgrastim is as effective as daily filgrastim with respect to duration of severe neutropenia (DSN) and may have a lower incidence of febrile neutropenia than filgrastim. Darbepoetin alfa has enhanced biological activity and a serum terminal half-life three-fold longer than that of erythropoietin (EPO), which translates into rapid and sustained correction of anaemia with less frequent dosing. These novel cytokines have the potential to simplify the management of neutropenia and anaemia with fewer injections and less disruption to patients daily lives.
ISSN:1040-8428
1879-0461
DOI:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2003.05.002