The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cancer treatment-induced alimentary tract mucositis: Pathobiology, animal models and cytotoxic drugs

Summary Alimentary tract (AT) mucositis can be a major problem for patients undergoing cancer treatment. It has significant clinical and economic consequences and is a major factor that can compromise the provision of optimal treatment for patients. The pathobiology of AT mucositis is complex and th...

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Published in:Cancer treatment reviews 2007-08, Vol.33 (5), p.448-460
Main Authors: Logan, Richard M, Stringer, Andrea M, Bowen, Joanne M, Yeoh, Ann S.-J, Gibson, Rachel J, Sonis, Stephen T, Keefe, Dorothy M.K
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Animals
Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects
Chemotherapy
Cricetinae
Cytokines - physiology
Disease Models, Animal
Gastrointestinal Diseases - chemically induced
Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine
Humans
Interleukin-1beta - physiology
Interleukin-6 - physiology
Mice
Mucositis
Mucositis - chemically induced
NF-kappa B - physiology
NF-κB
Pro-inflammatory cytokines
Rats
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - physiology
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Summary:Summary Alimentary tract (AT) mucositis can be a major problem for patients undergoing cancer treatment. It has significant clinical and economic consequences and is a major factor that can compromise the provision of optimal treatment for patients. The pathobiology of AT mucositis is complex and the exact mechanisms that underlie its development still need to be fully elucidated. Current opinion considers that there is a prominent interplay between all of the compartments of the mucosa involving, at a molecular level, the activation of transcription factors, particularly nuclear factor-κB, and the subsequent upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators. The purpose of this review is to examine the literature relating to what is currently known about the pathobiology of AT mucositis, particularly with respect to the involvement of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as currently used animal models and the role of specific cytotoxic chemotherapy agents in the development of AT mucositis.
ISSN:0305-7372
1532-1967
DOI:10.1016/j.ctrv.2007.03.001