The complex role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases – Lessons learned from experimental models

Abstract Inflammasomes are a large family of multiprotein complexes recognizing pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). This leads to caspase-1 activation, promoting the secretion of mature IL-1β, IL-18 and under certain conditions ev...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cytokine & growth factor reviews 2014-12, Vol.25 (6), p.715-730
Main Authors: Aguilera, Mònica, Darby, Trevor, Melgar, Silvia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Advanced Basic Science
Caspase-1
Colitis-associated cancer
IBD
Inflammasomes
Microbiota
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Summary:Abstract Inflammasomes are a large family of multiprotein complexes recognizing pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). This leads to caspase-1 activation, promoting the secretion of mature IL-1β, IL-18 and under certain conditions even induce pyroptosis. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) is associated with alterations in microbiota composition, inappropriate immune responses and genetic predisposition associated to bacterial sensing and autophagy. Besides their acknowledged role in mounting microbial induced host responses, a crucial role in maintenance of intestinal homeostasis was revealed in inflammasome deficient mice. Further, abnormal activation of these functions appears to contribute to the pathology of intestinal inflammation including IBD and colitis-associated cancer. Herein, the current literature implicating the inflammasomes, microbiota and IBD is comprehensively reviewed.
ISSN:1359-6101
DOI:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.04.003