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Diamond film thermistors for dental vitality assessment
In this study, we have demonstrated, for the first time, the use of diamond film thermistors for dental vitality assessment. Thermally sensitive boron-doped diamond films were grown by hot-filament CVD on Si3N4 ceramic substrates, and their thermal sensitivity (β) in the 30–50 °C range was optimized...
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Published in: | Diamond and related materials 2025-01, Vol.151, p.111812, Article 111812 |
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creator | Neto, M.A. Caramelo, F. Tavares, B.L. Fernandes, A.J.S. Girão, A.V. Silva, R.F. Oliveira, F.J. |
description | In this study, we have demonstrated, for the first time, the use of diamond film thermistors for dental vitality assessment. Thermally sensitive boron-doped diamond films were grown by hot-filament CVD on Si3N4 ceramic substrates, and their thermal sensitivity (β) in the 30–50 °C range was optimized using the Taguchi methodology. This analysis facilitated a comprehensive investigation into the effects of argon flow, gas pressure, CH4/H2 ratio, and the distance between the sample and heated filaments on the films' microstructure, growth-rate (GR), crystalline quality, and β. Additionally, we introduced an empirical parameter (Y), defined as the ratio of β to electrical resistance.
Using optimized CVD parameters, we fabricated a fully functional diamond thermistor with a thermal sensitivity of 1435 K, which was then used in dental vitality assessment tests. These tests were conducted on a specialized stand featuring two closed water circuits, allowing the tooth to be cooled to temperatures as low as 10 °C and heated up to 40 °C. The heating response times of our diamond thermistor (DT) and a standard, metal-oxide-based commercial thermistor (CT) were comparable, but the diamond sensor exhibited a broader temperature detection range. Specifically, the DT was able to detect tooth temperatures within the range of 18 °C to 35 °C, whereas the CT was limited to a narrower range of 22 °C to 32 °C. Additionally, the cooling response time for the DT was significantly shorter (190 s) compared to the 260 s required for the CT. These findings highlight the potential of planar diamond thermistors for applications in endodontic medicine, enabling more accurate assessments of dental vitality.
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•A CVD diamond thermistor was fabricated for use in dental vitality assessment tests•Thermally sensitive boron-doped CVD diamond films were grown on Si3N4 ceramics•The HFCVD growth parameters were optimized using the Taguchi methodology•Diamond thermistor has broader detection range compared to a commercial thermistor•Diamond thermistor response time was shorter than that of the commercial thermistor |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111812 |
format | article |
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Using optimized CVD parameters, we fabricated a fully functional diamond thermistor with a thermal sensitivity of 1435 K, which was then used in dental vitality assessment tests. These tests were conducted on a specialized stand featuring two closed water circuits, allowing the tooth to be cooled to temperatures as low as 10 °C and heated up to 40 °C. The heating response times of our diamond thermistor (DT) and a standard, metal-oxide-based commercial thermistor (CT) were comparable, but the diamond sensor exhibited a broader temperature detection range. Specifically, the DT was able to detect tooth temperatures within the range of 18 °C to 35 °C, whereas the CT was limited to a narrower range of 22 °C to 32 °C. Additionally, the cooling response time for the DT was significantly shorter (190 s) compared to the 260 s required for the CT. These findings highlight the potential of planar diamond thermistors for applications in endodontic medicine, enabling more accurate assessments of dental vitality.
[Display omitted]
•A CVD diamond thermistor was fabricated for use in dental vitality assessment tests•Thermally sensitive boron-doped CVD diamond films were grown on Si3N4 ceramics•The HFCVD growth parameters were optimized using the Taguchi methodology•Diamond thermistor has broader detection range compared to a commercial thermistor•Diamond thermistor response time was shorter than that of the commercial thermistor</description><identifier>ISSN: 0925-9635</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111812</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Boron doping ; CVD diamond ; Endodontics ; Silicon nitride ceramics ; Thermistor ; Vitality</subject><ispartof>Diamond and related materials, 2025-01, Vol.151, p.111812, Article 111812</ispartof><rights>2024 The Authors</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c187t-70864ec9cfaa2df09e1ff8c63bc25d4b48d1f7073b5ab486d6722045b01626533</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Neto, M.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caramelo, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tavares, B.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandes, A.J.S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Girão, A.V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva, R.F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, F.J.</creatorcontrib><title>Diamond film thermistors for dental vitality assessment</title><title>Diamond and related materials</title><description>In this study, we have demonstrated, for the first time, the use of diamond film thermistors for dental vitality assessment. Thermally sensitive boron-doped diamond films were grown by hot-filament CVD on Si3N4 ceramic substrates, and their thermal sensitivity (β) in the 30–50 °C range was optimized using the Taguchi methodology. This analysis facilitated a comprehensive investigation into the effects of argon flow, gas pressure, CH4/H2 ratio, and the distance between the sample and heated filaments on the films' microstructure, growth-rate (GR), crystalline quality, and β. Additionally, we introduced an empirical parameter (Y), defined as the ratio of β to electrical resistance.
Using optimized CVD parameters, we fabricated a fully functional diamond thermistor with a thermal sensitivity of 1435 K, which was then used in dental vitality assessment tests. These tests were conducted on a specialized stand featuring two closed water circuits, allowing the tooth to be cooled to temperatures as low as 10 °C and heated up to 40 °C. The heating response times of our diamond thermistor (DT) and a standard, metal-oxide-based commercial thermistor (CT) were comparable, but the diamond sensor exhibited a broader temperature detection range. Specifically, the DT was able to detect tooth temperatures within the range of 18 °C to 35 °C, whereas the CT was limited to a narrower range of 22 °C to 32 °C. Additionally, the cooling response time for the DT was significantly shorter (190 s) compared to the 260 s required for the CT. These findings highlight the potential of planar diamond thermistors for applications in endodontic medicine, enabling more accurate assessments of dental vitality.
[Display omitted]
•A CVD diamond thermistor was fabricated for use in dental vitality assessment tests•Thermally sensitive boron-doped CVD diamond films were grown on Si3N4 ceramics•The HFCVD growth parameters were optimized using the Taguchi methodology•Diamond thermistor has broader detection range compared to a commercial thermistor•Diamond thermistor response time was shorter than that of the commercial thermistor</description><subject>Boron doping</subject><subject>CVD diamond</subject><subject>Endodontics</subject><subject>Silicon nitride ceramics</subject><subject>Thermistor</subject><subject>Vitality</subject><issn>0925-9635</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2025</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFj8tKBDEQRbNQcBz9BCE_0G0qnUf3SmR8jDDgRtchnQem6YckYWD-3gw9ezd1qaLu5R6EHoDUQEA8DrUNelpmW1NCWQ0ALdArtCEd5VUnGn6DblMaCAHaMdgg-bK-Yx_GCecfF6eQ8hIT9kvE1s1Zj_gYygz5hHVKLqWpXO_QtddjcvcX3aLvt9ev3b46fL5_7J4PlYFW5kqSVjBnOuO1ptaTzoH3rRFNbyi3rGetBS-JbHquyyKskJQSxvvCQgVvmi3ia66JS0rRefUbw6TjSQFRZ2I1qAuxOhOrlbj4nlafK-WOwUWVTHCzcTZEZ7KyS_gn4Q9gl2QF</recordid><startdate>202501</startdate><enddate>202501</enddate><creator>Neto, M.A.</creator><creator>Caramelo, F.</creator><creator>Tavares, B.L.</creator><creator>Fernandes, A.J.S.</creator><creator>Girão, A.V.</creator><creator>Silva, R.F.</creator><creator>Oliveira, F.J.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202501</creationdate><title>Diamond film thermistors for dental vitality assessment</title><author>Neto, M.A. ; Caramelo, F. ; Tavares, B.L. ; Fernandes, A.J.S. ; Girão, A.V. ; Silva, R.F. ; Oliveira, F.J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c187t-70864ec9cfaa2df09e1ff8c63bc25d4b48d1f7073b5ab486d6722045b01626533</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2025</creationdate><topic>Boron doping</topic><topic>CVD diamond</topic><topic>Endodontics</topic><topic>Silicon nitride ceramics</topic><topic>Thermistor</topic><topic>Vitality</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Neto, M.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caramelo, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tavares, B.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandes, A.J.S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Girão, A.V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva, R.F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, F.J.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Diamond and related materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Neto, M.A.</au><au>Caramelo, F.</au><au>Tavares, B.L.</au><au>Fernandes, A.J.S.</au><au>Girão, A.V.</au><au>Silva, R.F.</au><au>Oliveira, F.J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Diamond film thermistors for dental vitality assessment</atitle><jtitle>Diamond and related materials</jtitle><date>2025-01</date><risdate>2025</risdate><volume>151</volume><spage>111812</spage><pages>111812-</pages><artnum>111812</artnum><issn>0925-9635</issn><abstract>In this study, we have demonstrated, for the first time, the use of diamond film thermistors for dental vitality assessment. Thermally sensitive boron-doped diamond films were grown by hot-filament CVD on Si3N4 ceramic substrates, and their thermal sensitivity (β) in the 30–50 °C range was optimized using the Taguchi methodology. This analysis facilitated a comprehensive investigation into the effects of argon flow, gas pressure, CH4/H2 ratio, and the distance between the sample and heated filaments on the films' microstructure, growth-rate (GR), crystalline quality, and β. Additionally, we introduced an empirical parameter (Y), defined as the ratio of β to electrical resistance.
Using optimized CVD parameters, we fabricated a fully functional diamond thermistor with a thermal sensitivity of 1435 K, which was then used in dental vitality assessment tests. These tests were conducted on a specialized stand featuring two closed water circuits, allowing the tooth to be cooled to temperatures as low as 10 °C and heated up to 40 °C. The heating response times of our diamond thermistor (DT) and a standard, metal-oxide-based commercial thermistor (CT) were comparable, but the diamond sensor exhibited a broader temperature detection range. Specifically, the DT was able to detect tooth temperatures within the range of 18 °C to 35 °C, whereas the CT was limited to a narrower range of 22 °C to 32 °C. Additionally, the cooling response time for the DT was significantly shorter (190 s) compared to the 260 s required for the CT. These findings highlight the potential of planar diamond thermistors for applications in endodontic medicine, enabling more accurate assessments of dental vitality.
[Display omitted]
•A CVD diamond thermistor was fabricated for use in dental vitality assessment tests•Thermally sensitive boron-doped CVD diamond films were grown on Si3N4 ceramics•The HFCVD growth parameters were optimized using the Taguchi methodology•Diamond thermistor has broader detection range compared to a commercial thermistor•Diamond thermistor response time was shorter than that of the commercial thermistor</abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111812</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Boron doping CVD diamond Endodontics Silicon nitride ceramics Thermistor Vitality |
title | Diamond film thermistors for dental vitality assessment |
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