Habitat heterogeneity effects on microbial communities of the Gulf of Maine

• Published in: Deep-sea research. Part I, Oceanographic research papers Oceanographic research papers, 2023-07, Vol.197, p.104074, Article 104074
• Main Authors: Ciraolo, Alessia C., Snelgrove, Paul V.R., Algar, Christopher K.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Benthic nutrient fluxes; Deep-sea functions; Gulf of Maine; Habitat heterogeneity; Microbes; Organic matter; Phytodetrital addition
• ISSN: 0967-0637; 1879-0119
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2023.104074

Many biological and physical variables influence microbes at the sediment-water interface, whose response to those variables affects the overall fate and residence time of organic matter (OM) in the marine environment. In addition to the many ecological roles microbes play in deep-sea sediments, further studies are needed to address microbial community diversity and its influence on seafloor organic matter remineralization rates. We explored microbial diversity, distribution, and associated organic matter remineralization among contrasting habitats and following 24-h experimental phytodetrital enrichment of sediments from Canyon, Inter-Canyon, and Channel habitats of the Gulf of Maine, Northwest Atlantic. Based on multivariate analyses of community composition we found that habitat heterogeneity influenced microbial community composition but not microbial diversity. Similarly, the phytodetrital addition did not translate to significant differences in microbial diversity but altered nitrate flux in Inter-canyon sediments and phosphate flux in Channel sediments. Bacteria were dominant over Archaea and, of the environmental variables we measured, quantity and quality of organic matter best explained overall microbial community variation. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidae, Acidobacteriota, Planctomycetota, and NB1-J Deltaproteobacteria dominated all habitats, but variation in the microbial community at our study sites explained only 7% of nutrient fluxes. Our exploratory study did not suggest a strong contribution of microbial community composition to OM remineralization variation both among contrasting habitats and in response to phytodetrital addition, and thus to this aspect of deep-sea ecosystem functioning, at least over short-term incubations. •Contrasting habitats affected microbial community composition, but not diversity, in the Gulf of Maine.•Phytodetrital addition did not translate to significant differences in benthic microbial diversity in short-term incubations.•Quantity and quality of organic matter best explained overall microbial community variation.•Microbial community composition variation explained only 7% of benthic nutrient fluxes.•Benthic nutrient fluxes did not vary significantly among contrasting habitats.