Synthesis and characterization of Fe2O3/CaO derived from Anadara Granosa for methyl ester production

[Display omitted] •The preparation of novel heterogeneous bifunctional Fe2O3/CaO for biodiesel production.•The natural waste cockleshell was used for the preparation of CaO.•The Fe2O3/CaO catalyst successfully reduced the leaching problem of active sites.•The catalytic performance and the parametric...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energy conversion and management 2016-10, Vol.126, p.124-131
Main Authors: Ezzah-Mahmudah, S., Lokman, Ibrahim M., Saiman, Mohd Izham, Taufiq-Yap, Yun Hin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biodiesel
Characterization
Fe2O3/CaO catalyst
Transesterification
Used frying oil
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Summary:[Display omitted] •The preparation of novel heterogeneous bifunctional Fe2O3/CaO for biodiesel production.•The natural waste cockleshell was used for the preparation of CaO.•The Fe2O3/CaO catalyst successfully reduced the leaching problem of active sites.•The catalytic performance and the parametric effects on FAME yield were studied. In this study, the iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3) doped on natural CaO catalyst (Fe2O3/CaO) was prepared and utilized in biodiesel production from used frying oil by a single-step reaction process. The heterogeneous Fe2O3/CaO catalyst was synthesized using impregnation method; followed by calcination at 500°C. The catalyst was characterized in detail by both qualitative and quantitative methods such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), ammonia and carbon dioxide-temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD and CO2-TPD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. The operating parameters such as molar ratio of methanol, catalyst amount and reaction time were investigated in order to optimize the reaction condition for the biodiesel production. As a result, the optimum reaction parameters found were 15:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 65°C reaction temperature, 3h of reaction time and 1wt.% of the Fe2O3/CaO. The reported results revealed suggestively high potential of the heterogeneous Fe2O3/CaO catalyst for direct conversion of used frying oil to biodiesel-with the possibility to reuse at least 5 reaction cycles without any reactivation process.
ISSN:0196-8904
1879-2227
DOI:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.07.072