25-Hydroxyvitamin D serum levels in rheumatic female patients in southeast Spain: The paradigm of daily optimal sunshine levels and inadequate vitamin D status

Abstract Background Almeria is a region in southeast Spain with optimal sunlight levels, along with low pluvial and pollution rates. If exposure to sunlight is sufficient to maintain adequate levels of vitamin D (25OHD), this population should display high serum levels. Objectives To describe 25OHD...

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Published in:Endocrinología, diabetes y nutrición. diabetes y nutrición., 2019-03, Vol.66 (3), p.181-187
Main Authors: Pereda, Claudia Alejandra, Nishishinya, María Betina, Roldan, Emilio J.A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Endocrinology and Metabolism
luz solar
Mujeres
Sunshine
Vitamin D
Vitamina D
Women
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Summary:Abstract Background Almeria is a region in southeast Spain with optimal sunlight levels, along with low pluvial and pollution rates. If exposure to sunlight is sufficient to maintain adequate levels of vitamin D (25OHD), this population should display high serum levels. Objectives To describe 25OHD serum status in women from Almeria and evaluate the impact of long sunlight exposure along the seasons on 25OHD. Methods Cross-sectional study, performed in women consecutively recruited from an outpatient rheumatology clinic. Serum levels of 25OHD were assessed in all patients and evaluated according to age (60 yrs), season, and presence or absence of menopause. Clinical and laboratory variables that could affect status of vitamin D were also considered. Results The sample included 319 Caucasian female patients. Mean 25OHD were 30.2 ng/ml with 195 (61.1%) exhibiting 25OHD inadequate serum levels. Season had a significant effect on 25OHD levels, with autumn being the season in which 25OHD serum levels remained well above 30 ng/ml in all age bands, and winter the season with more levels of insufficiency. Menopause did not modify 25OH serum levels. Women whose age was below 48 and over 60 had inadequate levels of 25OHD during summer. Conclusions Optimal levels of sunlight could not overcome the problem of inadequate 25OHD serum levels, particularly in elderly and young female population. Vitamin D supplementation may be recommended predominantly in winter and summer in this population.
ISSN:2530-0180
2530-0180
DOI:10.1016/j.endien.2019.03.001