Integration of molten carbonate fuel cell and chemical looping air separation for high-efficient power generation and CO2 capture

• Published in: Energy (Oxford) 2022-09, Vol.254, p.124184, Article 124184
• Main Authors: Chen, Shiyi, Zhou, Nan, Wu, Mudi, Chen, Shubo, Xiang, Wenguo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chemical looping air separation; CO2 capture; Molten carbonate fuel cell; Power generation
• ISSN: 0360-5442
• DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124184

Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) allows concentrating the CO2 from the cathode side to the anode side, generating electricity concurrently. Chemical looping air separation (CLAS) can produce an O2 and CO2 mixture stream as cathode feeding gas of MCFC. In this paper, a natural gas-fueled MCFC with internal reforming is integrated with CLAS as O2 and CO2 source for high-efficient power generation with CO2 capture. An O2 and CO2 mixture stream is produced from CLAS by recirculating a portion of CO2-rich flue gas after the afterburner to CLAS. The system is analyzed through thermodynamic and economic performance. At the baseline case, the plant net power efficiency is 59.5%, with 99.9% CO2 capture rate. Based on sensitivity analysis, the higher fuel cell temperature and fuel utilization factor can increase the plant net power efficiency, while the steam carbon ratio and the CLAS reduction reactor temperature are preferable to be at lower levels for higher plant net power efficiency. Finally, economic analysis is conducted. With a MCFC specific cost of $1327/kW and a natural gas price of $2.79/million Btu, the cost of electricity (COE) is $0.094/kWh. The results show the proposed system is attractive for natural gas-fueled power generation with CO2 capture. •Chemical looping air separation provides O2 and CO2 for fuel cell cathode.•Besides producing power, molten carbonate fuel cell operates as CO2 separator.•Net power efficiency of the integrated system is 59.5%.•Cost of electricity of the proposed plant is lower than that of post-combustion.